The tax collector and the priest: Matthew the Evangelist in the writings of Bede (c.673-735)

税吏和牧师：比德著作中的福音传道者马太（c.673-735）

• 批准号: 2284185
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2284185
• 关键词: tax; collector; priest; Matthew; Evangelist

As the author of the first synoptic gospel in the Vulgate, Matthew the evangelist is one of the most important individuals in the Christian tradition. In the Middle Ages the evangelist was identified with the apostle of the same name. His focus on the teachings of Jesus was crucial for an Anglo-Saxon Church that was building its foundations. There was acute Anglo-Saxon interest in the Vulgate, particularly in Bede's monastery Wearmouth-Jarrow, as is evident from the production of three bibles under Ceolfrith's abbacy, one of which is still intact (the Codex Amiatinus). Bede was the most prolific Latin writer and foremost intellectual of the Anglo-Saxon period. This research project will explore the portrayal of Matthew the evangelist in Bede's exegetical, historical and homiletic writings. It will provide new insight into Bede's approach towards sin and conversion, as Bede interpreted Matthew's transition from tax collector to apostle as a model for contemporary sinners to emulate. Emphasis will be on the individual because Matthew had a definite personal for Bede, built up from a rich tradition of literature, especially hagiography, exegises and prefatory extexts in gospel manuscripts. In an exchange between Bede and Acca, who as bishop of Hexham was Bede's diocesan, Acca challenged Bede's association of Matthew with the symbol of the lion, which was contrary to Jerome's identification of the man, the accepted norm in Anglo-Saxon England. This exchange shows that Bede's portrayal of Matthew was a live issue in early Anglo-Saxon England. Since Bede was a crucial bridge between Late Antiquity and the Carolingian era, his theological views had a lasting impact. The project will therefore fill a gap in Anglo-Saxon studies but will also have relevance to the wider intellectual history of the Medieval Church.

作为《圣经》中第一部符类福音书的作者，福音书作者马太是基督教传统中最重要的人物之一。在中世纪，福音传道者被认为是同一个名字的使徒。他对耶稣教义的关注对盎格鲁-撒克逊教会至关重要，这是建立其基础。盎格鲁-撒克逊人对武加大有着浓厚的兴趣，特别是比德的修道院Wearmouth-Jarrow，这从Ceolfrith修道院生产的三本圣经中可以看出，其中一本仍然完好无损（Codex Amiatinus）。比德是盎格鲁-撒克逊时期最多产的拉丁文作家和最重要的知识分子。这个研究项目将探讨比德的训诂、历史和布道著作中对福音传道者马太的描绘。它将为比德对待罪和转变的方法提供新的见解，因为比德将马太从税吏到使徒的转变解释为当代罪人的榜样。重点将放在个人，因为马修有一个明确的个人比德，建立在丰富的文学传统，特别是hagiography，注释和序言extext在福音手稿。在比德和阿卡（比德的教区主教，赫克瑟姆的主教）之间的一次交流中，阿卡质疑比德将马修与狮子的象征联系在一起，这与杰罗姆对男人的认同是相反的，这是盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰公认的规范。这一交流表明，比德对马修的描绘在早期盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰是一个活生生的问题。由于比德是连接古代晚期和古罗马时代的重要桥梁，他的神学观点产生了持久的影响。因此，该项目将填补盎格鲁-撒克逊研究的空白，但也将与中世纪教会更广泛的思想史相关。