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Argument structure and genitive modification in the Old English noun phrase

古英语名词短语中的论证结构和属格修饰

基本信息

批准号：
2297524
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2297524
关键词：
Argument structure genitive modification Old

项目摘要

As the Old English hero Beowulf dies, his soul departs his body and seeks the sofæstra dom, the "judgement of the righteous". Literary criticism debates the relationship between the head noun (or possessum), dom "judgement", and the dependent genitive (or possessor), sofæstra "righteous people"; are the righteous those doing the judging, and Beowulf is damned, or does his soul seek out the judgement afforded to the righteous? The possessor can be the agent of the action expressed by the possessum (doing the judging) or the patient (being judged). The project proposed seeks to address adnominal genitive modification of the type seen in the example sofæstra dom from a formal linguistic perspective. It will focus on examples of possessors marked by genitive case modifying possessum nouns which have at least one thematic role, such as agent or patient, attached to it, or, in more formal terms, which have argument structure (a-structure). In Presentday English, this includes "John's love for Mary", and "John's assassination". The project is not concerned with phrases of possession like cyninges mearh "king's horse", since "horse" is not a noun with a-structure. Under investigation is how the possessors associated with thematic roles of nouns with argument structure function in terms of grammatical relations. For a verbal phrase, like "the righteous judge Beowulf", identifying subject and object is straightforward, but the same easy identification does not hold in the noun phrase. One possibility is that nouns with argument structure (hereafter A-nouns) have the same a-structure as related verbs; a noun like dom therefore subcategorizes for subject and object grammatical functions in the same way that the verb deman "to judge" does. A-nouns may be thought of as having nominal- specific grammatical functions like POSS, as is used for core possessors like "king" in "king's horse". It is one goal to determine how best these possessor participants of A-nouns can best be treated syntactically.My study will use corpus methodology, as is usual in current historical linguistics. I propose to chiefly use the York-Toronto-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Prose (YCOE, see http://www-users.york.ac.uk/~lang22/YCOE/YcoeHome.htm), which is a 1.5 million word syntactically-annotated corpus. A mixed methodology is proposed for the data collection; samples of 1,000 words of all texts in the corpus will be searched electronically for possessor/possessum structures using the annotation. Relevant A-nouns can be extracted from these search results and will then themselves be searched for across the entire YCOE. In addition, these A-nouns can also be searched for in the poetic texts not included in the YCOE by using the Dictionary of Old English corpus, which is not parsed. Using this mix of data collection methods, a database will be created of instances of all selected A-nouns with adnominal possessors. Each example in the database will be tagged for linguistic features including the thematic role or probable roles of the adnominal possessor, the presence of any deverbal morphology on the head noun, the animacy of the two NPs, and the valency and a-structure patterns of related verbs in Old English. This database will then be used to produce some basic statistical analysis on the relative significance of the various features identified. This database can be made available online, in the interests of reproducibility and open access. The project will make an empirically validated claim about the syntactic status of A-nouns at an early period in English. The proposed research will make a theoretical, empirical and diachronic contribution to the study of the noun phrase and argument structure, possession in English, and to study of the syntax of Old English. The research speaks to whether there is such a thing as variation in natural language, and to whether linguistic vagueness is a reality.

当古老的英国英雄贝奥武夫去世时，他的灵魂离开了他的身体并寻求“sofæstra dom”，即“正义的审判”。文学批评争论中心名词（或所有）dom（“判断”）和从属属格（或拥有者）sofæstra（“正义的人”）之间的关系；是正义者在进行审判，而贝奥武甫被诅咒了，还是他的灵魂在寻求给予正义者的审判？占有者可以是占有者（进行判断）或患者（被判断）所表达的行动的代理人。拟议的项目旨在从形式语言的角度解决示例 sofæstra dom 中所见类型的主词属格修饰。它将重点关注以所有格修饰所有物名词标记的所有者的例子，这些名词至少有一个主题角色，例如附着在其上的代理人或病人，或者，用更正式的术语来说，它们具有论证结构（a-结构）。在现代英语中，这包括“约翰对玛丽的爱”和“约翰被暗杀”。该项目不涉及诸如 cyninges mearh“king's horse”之类的所有权短语，因为“horse”不是具有 a 结构的名词。正在研究的是与具有论证结构的名词的主题角色相关联的所有主如何在语法关系方面发挥作用。对于动词短语，如“正义的法官贝奥武甫”，识别主语和宾语是很简单的，但同样简单的识别在名词短语中并不成立。一种可能性是具有变元结构的名词（以下称为 A 名词）与相关动词具有相同的 a 结构；因此，像 dom 这样的名词按照主语和宾语语法功能进行细分，就像动词 deman“判断”一样。 A-名词可以被认为具有特定于名词的语法功能，如 POSS，用于核心主词，如“king's horse”中的“king”。目标之一是确定如何在句法上最好地对待这些 A 名词的拥有者参与者。我的研究将使用语料库方法，这在当前历史语言学中很常见。我建议主要使用约克-多伦多-赫尔辛基古英语散文解析语料库（YCOE，参见http://www-users.york.ac.uk/~lang22/YCOE/YcoeHome.htm），这是一个150万单词的句法注释语料库。建议采用混合方法进行数据收集；将使用注释以电子方式搜索语料库中所有文本的 1,000 个单词样本，以查找拥有者/拥有者结构。可以从这些搜索结果中提取相关的 A 名词，然后在整个 YCOE 中搜索它们本身。另外，这些A-名词也可以通过使用未解析的古英语词典词典在YCOE中未包含的诗歌文本中进行搜索。使用这种数据收集方法的组合，将创建一个数据库，其中包含所有选定的带有主词拥有者的 A 名词的实例。数据库中的每个示例都将根据语言特征进行标记，包括主位词拥有者的主位角色或可能角色、中心名词上任何动词形态的存在、两个 NP 的生命力以及古英语中相关动词的配价和 a 结构模式。然后，该数据库将用于对所识别的各种特征的相对重要性进行一些基本统计分析。为了可重复性和开放获取，该数据库可以在线提供。该项目将对英语早期 A 名词的句法状态提出实证验证的主张。本研究将为名词短语和参数结构、英语属格的研究以及古英语语法的研究做出理论、实证和历时的贡献。这项研究探讨了自然语言是否存在变异，以及语言模糊性是否真实存在。