SYNAPTIC MECHANISMS IN RETINA

描述(摘自申请者的摘要)：本研究的目标是 为明确代谢性谷氨酸和GABA受体在脑内的作用 双极细胞和神经节细胞之间的通讯联系。最近的研究表明 描述和鉴定了几种类型的代谢性谷氨酸和GABA 视网膜神经节细胞上的受体。调查人员发现，这些 受体也调节双极细胞递质的释放。拟议的研究 阐述了它们对光的作用的机制和后果 IPL的响应属性。其中一个目标是确定双极细胞 递质释放受两种代谢型GABA受体亚型控制， 一种是由巴氯芬激活的，另一种是由顺式氨基甲酸激活的。这些 受体可能调节双极细胞递质释放的不同方面 并在不同的视网膜适应状态下发挥作用。代谢型谷氨酸 受体可能作为监控双相情感障碍的负反馈自体受体发挥作用 手机发射机释放。代谢性谷氨酸受体亚型， 定位于双极细胞二联体突触的两侧，可以不同地 调节递质输出到无长突细胞和神经节细胞。无长突细胞 同时具有代谢性GABA和谷氨酸受体。这些工具的功能 受体，既是突触前自身受体，也是突触后受体，将 被研究，这将扩大我们对突触信号和 视网膜中的信息处理。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The goal of this study is to define the function of metabotropic glutamate and GABA receptors in the communication link between bipolar and ganglion cells. Recent studies have described and identified several types of metabotropic glutamate and GABA receptors on retinal ganglion cells. The investigator has found that these receptors also modulate bipolar cell transmitter release. The proposed research addresses the mechanisms and the ramifications of their actions on the light response properties of the IPL. One aim will be to determine if bipolar cell transmitter release is controlled by two metabotropic GABA receptor subtypes, one activated by baclofen and the other by cis-aminocrotonic acid. These receptors may regulate different aspects of bipolar cell transmitter release and act under different states of retinal adaptation. Metabotropic glutamate receptors may function as negative-feedback autoreceptors that monitor bipolar cell transmitter release. Subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors, localized to each side of the bipolar cell dyad synapse, may differentially modulate transmitter output to amacrine and ganglion cells. Amacrine cells possess both metabotropic GABA and glutamate receptors. The function of these receptors, both as presynaptic autoreceptors and postsynaptic receptors, will be investigated, which will extend our knowledge of synaptic signaling and information processing in the retina.