Genetic screens in intestinal/colon organoid (mini-gut) culture using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.

通过泛素-蛋白酶体系统降解蛋白质是调节蛋白质活性的关键细胞机制。这个途径的特异性是由F-box蛋白赋予的，到目前为止，在小鼠和人类基因组中已经发现了70多种F-box蛋白。许多关键途径，如细胞生长/存活/死亡都受F-box蛋白的调控，这些蛋白的突变通常与癌症有关。大约10%到15%的结直肠癌共有一种常见的F-box蛋白突变。由于这个蛋白质家族的规模，对这些蛋白质的遗传学研究并不完整，而且由于敲除突变的胚胎致死性，体内研究并不总是可能的。

Protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system is a key cellular mechanism that regulates protein activity. Specificity of this pathway is granted by an F-box protein, and to date, more than 70 F-box proteins have been found within mouse and human genomes. A number of critical pathways, such as cell growth/survival/death are regulated by F-box proteins and mutations in these proteins are often implicated in cancers. Around 10 to15% of colorectal cancers share a mutation in a common F-box protein. Genetic studies of these proteins are incomplete owing to the size of this protein family and in vivo studies are not always possible due to embryonic lethality of knockout mutations.