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How can a close examination of Shand give us a deeper understanding of Modernist architectural culture in interwar Britain?

仔细审视尚德如何能让我们更深入地了解两次世界大战期间英国的现代主义建筑文化？

基本信息

批准号：
2392630
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2392630
关键词：
How close examination Shand give

项目摘要

The project will put British developments into an international context, and, by looking at the work of Shand and the networks he created, consider how a broad-based case for Modernism was developed, as well as its effects on practice. Context In establishing Shand's contributions to the emerging British Modern Movement, this PhD builds on the work of recent historians including Elizabeth Darling, John R. Gold, Alan Powers, and Jessica Kelly. These historians have looked beyond architectural form to show how a wider culture of modernity was created in Britain. The result is an emerging understanding of how architectural practise was shaped through cultural shifts informed by public debates, journalism, exhibitions and networks. While these historians have considered Britain in isolation, a study of Shand will resolve the international context. Method Recent historians have developed archive-based approaches to Britain's architectural history in this period. This PhD will likewise rely primarily on archival research. Its originality and innovativeness stem from the use of the collection deposited at the University of Dundee Archives containing Shand's personal notes, letters, photographs and articles. The archive is contained within 7 boxes and 16 box files. Since commencing my PhD, I have produced an outline list of the extensive holdings. Through SGSAH travel reimbursement, it will be possible to capitalise on complementary collections, e.g. material in Montreal on highly significant interwar Modernist Wells Coates, with whom Shand frequently corresponded. The research output, while not a conventional biography, will describe the trajectory of Shand's life and career. A methodological review of biographical writing is therefore planned. Output The research output will be split into two topics. Firstly, I will analyse the diverse modes of criticism in interwar Britain. Shand embodied the lifestyle of a dilettante - lacking any formal education in architecture and instead offering connoisseurship. Despite this amateurism, his influence was widespread. Comparable figures including Mansfield Forbes, John Betjeman and Hubert Hastings warrant attention. The decline in the influence of these 'amateurs' will be traced against the rise of architectural history as a professional field, embodied through the rise of Nikolaus Pevsner. This section will reveal the shared motivations of the unseen figures shaping British architecture. The second output will investigate Britain's influence internationally. Recent historians have increasingly narrowed their focus into Britain. While this has countered claims that Britain lacked a Modern Movement, Britain's international contributions in the period are still assumed to be nearly non-existent. A study of Shand proves this to be false. Shand received invitations to provide lectures on English developments across Europe. His articles appeared in journals and newspapers in numerous countries and languages. Through his fluency in French and German, he developed personal relationships with the period's leading figures, including Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier, Alvar Aalto and Sigfried Giedion. Shand's contributions include: Founding a British chapter of the 'International Congresses of Modern Architecture' (CIAM) Facilitating the emigration of Gropius into Britain (1934) An exhibition of Aalto's work in London (1934) and the forming of Finmar, a British manufacturer of Aalto furniture. The translating of seminal texts into English, including those of Gropius and Corbusier. Articles giving British architects their first glimpses of architecture across Europe, the USA and Russia. Through these studies, it will be proposed that two-way influences from a range of sources helped shape a surprisingly eclectic British Modern Movement.

该项目将把英国的发展放在国际背景下，并通过研究尚德的工作和他创建的网络，考虑现代主义的广泛案例是如何发展的，以及它对实践的影响。在建立尚德的贡献，新兴的英国现代运动，这博士建立在最近的历史学家，包括伊丽莎白达林，约翰R。戈登艾伦·鲍尔斯和杰西卡·凯利这些历史学家超越了建筑形式，展示了更广泛的现代文化是如何在英国创造的。其结果是对建筑实践如何通过公共辩论，新闻，展览和网络所告知的文化转变而形成的理解。虽然这些历史学家认为英国是孤立的，但对尚德的研究将解决国际背景。方法最近的历史学家已经制定了基于档案的方法，英国的建筑史在这一时期。这个博士学位也将主要依靠档案研究。它的独创性和创新性源于使用存放在邓迪大学档案馆的收藏品，其中包括Shand的个人笔记，信件，照片和文章。档案包含在7个盒子和16个盒子文件中。自从我开始攻读博士学位以来，我已经列出了一份广泛的财产清单。通过SGSAH旅行报销，将有可能利用补充收藏，例如在蒙特利尔的关于两次世界大战之间非常重要的现代主义威尔斯科茨的材料，Shand经常与他通信。研究成果，而不是一个传统的传记，将描述尚德的生活和职业生涯的轨迹。因此，计划对传记写作进行方法审查。研究成果将分为两个专题。首先，我将分析两次世界大战之间的英国批评的不同模式。尚德体现了一个建筑师的生活方式-缺乏任何正规的建筑教育，而是提供鉴赏力。尽管他很业余，但他的影响力却很广泛。包括曼斯菲尔德、福布斯、约翰·贝杰曼和休伯特·黑斯廷斯在内的可比数据值得关注。这些“业余爱好者”影响力的下降将追溯到建筑史作为一个专业领域的兴起，这体现在Nikolaus Pevsner的崛起中。本节将揭示塑造英国建筑的隐形人物的共同动机。第二个产出将调查英国的国际影响力。最近的历史学家越来越把他们的注意力集中在英国。虽然这反驳了英国缺乏现代运动的说法，但英国在这一时期的国际贡献仍然被认为几乎不存在。对Shand的研究证明这是错误的。Shand收到邀请，提供有关欧洲英语发展的讲座。他的文章发表在许多国家和语言的期刊和报纸上。通过他流利的法语和德语，他与这一时期的领导人物建立了私人关系，包括沃尔特·格罗皮乌斯，勒·柯布西耶，阿尔瓦·阿尔托和西格弗里德·吉迪恩。Shand的贡献包括：成立“国际现代建筑大会”（CIAM）的英国分会促进格罗皮乌斯移民英国（1934）阿尔托作品在伦敦的展览（1934）和Finmar的形成，阿尔托家具的英国制造商。将具有开创性的文本翻译成英语，包括格罗皮乌斯和柯布西耶的作品。文章让英国建筑师第一次瞥见欧洲，美国和俄罗斯的建筑。通过这些研究，我们将提出，来自一系列来源的双向影响有助于形成一个令人惊讶的折衷主义的英国现代运动。