Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Children with ADHD

描述(申请人提供)：已知患有ADHD的儿童有 广泛的睡眠障碍和年龄不适当的增加在白天和 夜间活动水平。即使患有ADHD的儿童已经成功地 尽管接受了兴奋剂治疗，但大多数人仍然存在严重的睡眠困难。 ADHD患者活动水平的缺陷被认为与 内源性唤醒机制功能障碍。尽管事实是 众所周知，睡眠/清醒的昼夜节律与唤醒的控制有关。 白天和夜间的水平，还没有研究过昼夜节律 注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的节律。这项研究的总体目标是 确定ADHD儿童的睡眠/觉醒昼夜节律模式。 具体目标是：(1)考察白天活动之间的关系 夜间睡眠的水平、质量和数量，以及生物睡眠/清醒 ADHD儿童的周期和(2)检测刺激剂的效果 治疗(ST)对这一人群的睡眠和昼夜节律。客观化 有关白天活动水平和夜间睡眠的数据将通过以下方式收集 持续的动态活动监测。儿童多动症症状学将 从几个来源进行主观和客观的评估，并与 连续睡眠和昼夜节律数据。为了成功地代表 注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的内源性睡眠/清醒昼夜节律 将在两个不同的时间段，即ST前和ST后，监测4天。 了解睡眠质量与睡眠数量、昼夜节律的关系 节律、白天活动水平、ADHD症状和ST可能导致新的 治疗方法以改善睡眠和节律为基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children with ADHD are known to have extensive sleep disturbances and age-inappropriate increases in daytime and nighttime activity levels. Even when children with ADHD have been successfully treated with stimulants, the majority still has significant sleep difficulties. Deficits in activity levels in ADHD have been hypothesized to be associated with a dysfunction of endogenous arousal mechanisms. Despite the fact that the sleep/wake circadian rhythm is known to be involved in the control of arousal levels during the day and night, no studies have researched the circadian rhythms of children with ADHD. This general objective of this study is to determine the pattern of sleep/wake circadian rhythms in children with ADHD. Specific aims are: (1) to examine the relationship between daytime activity levels, quality and quantity of nighttime sleep, and biological sleep/wake cycles in children with ADHD and (2) to examine the effect of stimulant treatment (ST) on sleep and circadian rhythms in this population. Objective data on daytime activity levels and nighttime sleep will be collected using continuous ambulatory activity monitoring. Children's ADHD symptomatology will be subjectively and objectively assessed from several sources and compared to continuous sleep and circadian rhythms data. In order to successfully represent the endogenous sleep/wake circadian rhythm in children with ADHD, each child will be monitored for 4 days at 2 separate time periods, i.e. pre and post ST. Understanding the relationships between sleep quality and quantity, circadian rhythms, daytime activity levels, ADHD symptoms, and ST could lead to newer treatment approaches based on improving sleep and rhythms.