A Political Economy of Digital Espionage

数字间谍活动的政治经济学

• 批准号: 2401045
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2401045
• 关键词: Political; Economy; Digital; Espionage

As nation-states increasingly rely on espionage in cyberspace to maintain their leverage, we discuss the evolution of espionage from traditional methods into the digital world. We discuss the individual political economies of nation-states with significant offensive cyber capabilities, and how they reflect on to espionage methods. Through a causative analysis, we chart the rise of private actors that nation-states rely on to facilitate digital espionage methodologies such as surveillance and hacking. We compare the change in digital espionage as a factor in, and as the result of, kinetic warfare. Through the network effects of the few private actors and their offensive tooling available to governments worldwide, we aim to answer the central question of the societal cost of digital espionage, in particular to democratic institutions such as the free press, and the private actors who profiteer from this cost.

随着民族国家越来越依赖网络空间中的间谍活动来维持其影响力，我们将讨论间谍活动从传统方法向数字世界的演变。我们讨论了具有重大网络攻击能力的民族国家的个别政治经济，以及它们如何反映间谍方法。通过因果分析，我们描绘了民族国家依赖于促进数字间谍方法（如监视和黑客攻击）的私人行为者的崛起。我们将数字间谍活动的变化作为动态战争的因素和结果进行了比较。通过少数私人行为者的网络效应和他们为世界各国政府提供的攻击性工具，我们的目标是回答数字间谍活动的社会成本的核心问题，特别是对民主机构，如自由媒体，以及从这种成本中牟取暴利的私人行为者。