Global phylo-epidemiology Vibrio parahaemolyticus within a context of climate change

副溶血性弧菌（Vp）是一种海洋细菌，是世界范围内沿海环境的天然居民。在全球范围内，这种病原体是细菌性海产感染的主要原因。在过去20年里，与气候变暖相一致，副总统相关感染的地理分布在全球范围内扩大。这一疾病扩展过程的一个关键驱动因素是由本地限制性菌株引起的感染过渡到流行克隆型的激增和跨大陆扩展。这些现代扩展提供了一个难得的机会，可以直接研究这种病原体的进化过程，并了解与这些新出现的病原体相关的疾病流行动态的形成机制。这个博士项目将确定驱动这些病原体出现、扩散和成功引入新地区的因素，促进感染的全球传播。关于这些致病性环境细菌的传播、传播和形成的关键特征，存在一些基本的未知因素，例如弧菌如何在非流行地区出现以及气候变化如何影响这些过程。这个博士项目的主要目标将是生成一个Vp不同遗传变异的全球地理分布图，并将这些分布与驱动这些遗传变异进化和传播的物理化学海洋环境联系起来。

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) is a marine bacterium and a natural inhabitant of coastal environments worldwide. Globally, this pathogen is the leading cause of bacterial seafood-borne infections. The geographical distribution of Vp-associated infections has undergone a global expansion over the last 2 decades in phase with climate warming. A key driving factor identified for this process of disease expansion has been the transition from infections caused by locally-restricted strains to the surge and transcontinental expansion of epidemic clonal types. These modern expansions provide an exceptional opportunity to study the evolutionary process of this pathogen first-hand and to understand the mechanisms shaping the epidemic dynamics of diseases associated with these emerging pathogens. This PhD project will determine the factors that drive the emergence, dispersal and successful introduction of these pathogens into new regions, facilitating the global spread of infections. Several fundamental unknowns exist on key features regarding the transmission, dissemination and establishment of these pathogenic environmental bacteria - such as how vibrios emerge in non-endemic areas and how climate change may influence these processes. The primary objective of this PhD project will be to generate a global map of the geographical distribution of the different genetic variants of Vp and to relate these distributions to the physicochemical marine environments that have driven the evolution and spread of these genetic variants.