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The Ecological and evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation

热带化的生态和进化后果

基本信息

批准号：
2403306
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2403306
关键词：
Ecological evolutionary consequences tropicalisation

项目摘要

Climate warming is creating novel ecological communities whereby species compositions and interactions differ from a historical baseline. Notably, tropical marine species are being documented in temperate biogeographic regions, while the ranges of temperate species are shifting poleward. This phenomenon is known as 'tropicalisation'; yet very little is known of its ecological and evolutionary consequences. For instance, we do not know if temperate prey species are able to defend themselves against tropical marine predators nor how the influx of tropical predators affects community composition ("top-down" effects). Tropicalisation may also have genetic/evolutionary consequences. For example, range contracting temperate species may experience an overall loss of genetic diversity and disappearance of unique genetic clades - which in turn may have consequences on the capacity for species to adapt to climate warming and future evolutionary trajectories (i.e. extinction risk). This PhD will draw from a wide variety of disciplines and theory, ranging from predator induced defenses/predator-prey interactions/community ecology to molecular phylogeography and phylogenetics to address key knowledge gaps on the ecological and evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation. The project will focus on a transition zone between tropical and temperate biogeographic regions where tropicalisation has been preliminarily documented but its consequences have not been established.

气候变暖正在创造新的生态群落，其中物种组成和相互作用不同于历史基线。值得注意的是，热带海洋物种正在温带生物地理区域被记录下来，而温带物种的范围正在向极地转移。这种现象被称为“热带化”；然而，人们对其生态和进化后果知之甚少。例如，我们不知道温带猎物物种是否能够保护自己免受热带海洋捕食者的侵害，也不知道热带捕食者的涌入如何影响群落组成（“自上而下”效应）。热带化也可能有遗传/进化的后果。例如，范围缩小的温带物种可能经历遗传多样性的全面丧失和独特遗传枝的消失——这反过来可能对物种适应气候变暖和未来进化轨迹的能力产生影响（即灭绝风险）。该博士将从广泛的学科和理论中汲取，从捕食者诱导的防御/捕食者-猎物相互作用/群落生态学到分子系统地理学和系统遗传学，以解决热带化的生态和进化后果方面的关键知识空白。该项目将把重点放在热带和温带生物地理区域之间的过渡地带，那里已经初步记录了热带化，但其后果尚未确定。