Club Drug Use and HIV Risks among Minorities in NYC

描述（由申请人提供）：本横断面研究的目的是确定纽约市（NYC）经济弱势、种族/民族多样化的物质使用者人群中俱乐部药物使用的患病率、相关性和后遗症，以提供该人群中俱乐部药物使用与高风险性行为之间相关性的信息。这一信息有助于在经济上处于不利地位的社区开展全面的药物滥用和艾滋病毒预防工作。根据指标监测、体检和医院报告的数据，纽约市的俱乐部毒品使用[摇头丸、GHB、氯胺酮、LSD、甲基苯丙胺、PCP和氟硝西泮的统称]正在增加。在我们对哈莱姆注射毒品使用者进行的调查中，在30%终生使用LSD和PCP的人中，终生性伴侣的数量更高。 虽然海洛因和可卡因的各种形式的性风险已经在少数内城社区的特点，俱乐部药物，单独或与其他非法药物相结合，在多大程度上独立与危险的性行为和感染仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。 在这项研究中，我们将招募2000物质使用者在纽约市四个行政区内的八个弱势社区使用系统的招聘技术。 合格和同意的参与者将接受采访和标本采集。 该研究将涉及三个目标：（1）估计报告注射和非注射吸毒者中俱乐部毒品（单独和合并）的流行率，并报告个人特征（例如人口统计学、其他非法药物使用）、地点（例如，按邻域）和时间（例如，多年抽样方案内的时间趋势）与俱乐部药物使用相关的因素;（2）识别和比较诱发因素（例如，可用性，机会，家庭和同龄人的影响，邻居的特点）和具体情况的启动和随后购买的俱乐部药物，并比较这些因素的俱乐部药物使用分别是否参与者使用吸入或注射形式的海洛因，可卡因单独或一起;（3）在由活跃的海洛因、快克或可卡因使用定义的人群中，识别和比较俱乐部毒品使用者和非俱乐部毒品使用者的性风险行为，（4）比较俱乐部吸毒者和非俱乐部吸毒者的HIV和HCV血清阳性率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to determine the prevalence, correlates and sequelae of club drug use among an economically disadvantaged, racial/ethnically diverse population of substance users in New York City (NYC) in order to provide information on the associations between use of club drugs and high risk sexual behavior in this population. This information can be instrumental to comprehensive substance abuse and HIV prevention efforts in economically disadvantaged communities. Club drug use [a collective term for ecstasy, GHB, ketamine, LSD, methamphetamines, PCP, and flunitrazepam] is increasing in NYC based on data from indicator surveillance, the medical examiner, and hospital reports. In our ongoing surveys of injection drug users in Harlem, a higher number of lifetime sex partners was seen among the 30% with lifetime use of LSD and PCP. While sexual risks with heroin and cocaine in their various forms has been characterized in minority inner city communities, the degree to which club drugs, alone or in combination with other illicit drugs, are independently associated with risky sexual behavior and infections remains an open question. In this study we will enroll 2000 substance users using systematic recruitment techniques in eight disadvantaged neighborhoods within four boroughs of NYC. Eligible and consenting participants will undergo an interview and specimen collection. The study will address three aims: (1) to estimate the prevalence of club drugs (separately and combined) among persons who report injection and non-injection drug use, and to report personal characteristics (e.g. demographics, other illicit drug use), place (e.g., by neighborhood) and time (e.g., time trends within a multi-year sampling scheme) factors associated with club drug use; (2) to identify and compare the predisposing factors (e.g., availability, opportunity, family and peer influences, neighborhood characteristics) and specific circumstances of initiation and subsequent purchases of club drugs and to compare these factors for club drug use separately whether or not participants use inhaled or injectable forms of heroin, cocaine alone or together; (3) to identify and compare sexual risk behaviors among club drug users and non-club drug users in a population defined by active heroin, crack or cocaine use, after accounting for other covariates; and (4) to identify and compare the HIV and HCV seroprevalence among club drug users and non-club drug users.