HIV Risk Reduction among Young Incarcerated Females

描述（由申请人提供）： 这项研究是一项纵向分析的性病/艾滋病毒暴露在青少年女性罪犯在密西西比，人口是不成比例的非洲裔美国人，并在较高的风险比一般青少年，由于他们的倾向，从事各种冒险行为，性行为的早期发作，精神障碍，药物滥用障碍，虐待和家庭功能障碍的患病率较高。基于社会认知理论和Fisher和Fisher（1992）的IMB（信息、动机和行为技能）模型，我们申请资助以评估药物滥用相关的HIV风险降低干预措施，并将结果与STD/HIV信息和健康教育控制条件进行比较。将招募约400名承诺进入国家女子感化/培训学校的女性参加。研究设计将包括交替队列/波，每组约36名受试者。一次给予一种治疗条件，队列/波之间有洗脱期。在三年期间，一半的受试者将获得18小时的艾滋病毒预防，另一半将获得18小时的健康教育。在干预前后，将测量受试者的社会能力技能和健康知识。在干预前以及6个月和12个月随访时，将收集酒精和药物使用、性风险行为和冲动性的自我报告措施。避孕套的态度，自我效能，性决策和对艾滋病毒预防的态度的措施将收集四次。还将在干预前以及6个月和12个月随访时进行尿液检测，以检测2种性病（衣原体和淋病）。多元数据分析将比较实验方案与健康教育控制条件，以评估预防方案对降低性风险行为的影响。假设艾滋病预防干预比健康教育控制条件下更有利于避孕套和艾滋病预防的态度，更一致地使用避孕套，干预后和一年随访期间的危险行为更低。还假设在随访期间，艾滋病毒预防参与者的衣原体和淋病感染发生率低于对照组参与者。研究结果将对少年司法管理人员和其他与这一高风险人群打交道的人有用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study is a longitudinal analysis of STD/HIV exposure among adolescent female offenders in Mississippi, a population that is disproportionately African American, and at higher risk than adolescents in general due to their propensity to engage in a variety of risk-taking behaviors, earlier onset of sexual behaviors, and the greater prevalence of mental disorders, substance abuse disorders, maltreatment, and family dysfunction. Based on social cognitive theory and Fisher and Fisher's (1992) IMB (Information, Motivation, and Behavioral skills) model, we request funding to evaluate a drug abuse related HIV risk reduction intervention and to compare outcomes against a STD/HIV information and health education control condition. Approximately 400 females committed to the state reformatory/training school for girls will be recruited for participation. The research design will consist of alternating cohort/waves of about 36 subjects each. One treatment condition will be administered at a time with a washout period between cohort/waves. Over a three-year period, one half of subjects will get 18 hours of HIV prevention and one half will get 18 hours of Health Education. Before and after the intervention, subjects' social competency skills and health knowledge will be measured. Before intervention and at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, self-report measures of alcohol and drug use, sexual risk behaviors, and impulsivity will be collected. Measures of condom attitudes, self-efficacy, sexual decision-making, and attitudes towards HIV prevention will be collected four times. Urine tests for the detection of 2 STDs (chlamydia and gonorrhea) will also be performed before intervention and at 6-month and 12- month follow-up. Multivariate data analyses will compare the experimental program against the Health Education control condition to evaluate the impact of the prevention program on lowering sexual risk behavior. It is hypothesized that the HIV prevention intervention will produce more favorable attitudes towards condoms and HIV prevention, more consistent use of condoms, and lower risk behavior post intervention and through the one-year follow-up period than the Health Education control condition. It is also hypothesized that the incidence of chlamydia and gonorrhea infection during the follow-up period will be lower for participants of HIV prevention than participants in the control group. The results will be useful to juvenile justice administrators and others that work with this high-risk population.