HIV Risk Reduction among Young Incarcerated Females

描述(由申请人提供)： 这项研究是对密西西比州青少年女性罪犯中STD/HIV感染的纵向分析。密西西比州是一个不成比例的非裔美国人群体，由于她们有从事各种冒险行为的倾向、较早发生性行为以及精神障碍、药物滥用障碍、虐待和家庭功能障碍的更高患病率，因此比一般青少年面临更高的风险。基于社会认知理论和Fisher和Fisher(1992)的IMB(信息、动机和行为技能)模型，我们申请资金来评估与药物滥用相关的艾滋病毒风险降低干预措施，并将结果与STD/HIV信息和健康教育控制条件进行比较。将招募约400名致力于国家女孩管教/培训学校的女性参加。研究设计将包括每组约36名受试者的交替队列/波。一次只接受一种治疗条件，在队列/波之间有一个冲洗期。在三年的时间里，一半的受试者将接受18小时的艾滋病毒预防，另一半的受试者将接受18小时的健康教育。干预前后对受试者的社会能力技能和健康知识进行测评。在干预前以及6个月和12个月的随访中，将收集关于酒精和药物使用、性危险行为和冲动的自我报告测量。避孕套态度、自我效能、性决策和对艾滋病毒预防的态度将被收集四次。还将在干预前以及6个月和12个月的随访中进行尿液检测，以检测两种性传播疾病(衣原体和淋病)。多变量数据分析将比较实验计划和健康教育控制条件，以评估预防计划对降低性危险行为的影响。本研究假设，在干预后和经过一年的随访期内，艾滋病预防干预将比健康教育对照条件下对避孕套和艾滋病预防的态度更好，对避孕套的使用更一致，危险行为更低。它还假设，在随访期间，参与艾滋病毒预防的参与者的衣原体和淋病感染的发生率将低于对照组的参与者。这一结果将对青少年司法行政人员和其他与这一高危人群合作的人有用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study is a longitudinal analysis of STD/HIV exposure among adolescent female offenders in Mississippi, a population that is disproportionately African American, and at higher risk than adolescents in general due to their propensity to engage in a variety of risk-taking behaviors, earlier onset of sexual behaviors, and the greater prevalence of mental disorders, substance abuse disorders, maltreatment, and family dysfunction. Based on social cognitive theory and Fisher and Fisher's (1992) IMB (Information, Motivation, and Behavioral skills) model, we request funding to evaluate a drug abuse related HIV risk reduction intervention and to compare outcomes against a STD/HIV information and health education control condition. Approximately 400 females committed to the state reformatory/training school for girls will be recruited for participation. The research design will consist of alternating cohort/waves of about 36 subjects each. One treatment condition will be administered at a time with a washout period between cohort/waves. Over a three-year period, one half of subjects will get 18 hours of HIV prevention and one half will get 18 hours of Health Education. Before and after the intervention, subjects' social competency skills and health knowledge will be measured. Before intervention and at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, self-report measures of alcohol and drug use, sexual risk behaviors, and impulsivity will be collected. Measures of condom attitudes, self-efficacy, sexual decision-making, and attitudes towards HIV prevention will be collected four times. Urine tests for the detection of 2 STDs (chlamydia and gonorrhea) will also be performed before intervention and at 6-month and 12- month follow-up. Multivariate data analyses will compare the experimental program against the Health Education control condition to evaluate the impact of the prevention program on lowering sexual risk behavior. It is hypothesized that the HIV prevention intervention will produce more favorable attitudes towards condoms and HIV prevention, more consistent use of condoms, and lower risk behavior post intervention and through the one-year follow-up period than the Health Education control condition. It is also hypothesized that the incidence of chlamydia and gonorrhea infection during the follow-up period will be lower for participants of HIV prevention than participants in the control group. The results will be useful to juvenile justice administrators and others that work with this high-risk population.