Speciation Genomics in an Obligate Fig Pollination Mutualism

无花果专性授粉互利关系中的物种基因组学

• 批准号: 2432310
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Harper Adams University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2432310
• 关键词: Speciation; Genomics; Obligate; Fig; Pollination

One of the best examples of co-diversification is that of figs (Ficus, Moraceae) and fig wasp pollinators (Agaonidae). Wasps act as pollen vectors for figs while the figs consist of the main food source & shelter for the wasp larvae. Using existing genomic data & field experiments, the current project will address: i) the genomics of speciation in figs & pollinators and ii) the ecological & evolutionary determinants of host specificity. Hypothesis 1: admixture occurs among members of a recently diverged species complex in line with predictions from morphological compatibility:Study organisms: fig complex of the Papuasyce section (F. microdictya, F. umbrae, F. itoana)Methods: analysis of RAD-seq data & draft (10X) genomes already collected & additional samplingAim: estimate the extent of geneflow & introgression among species; establish the functionality of genomic regions of high divergenceHypothesis 2a: Wolbachia infections are predictably distributed among individual fig wasps when considering wasp phylogeny and morphology:Study organisms: wasp pollinators & their symbiotic bacteria, WolbachiaMethods: screen wasp samples already available for Wolbachia infections; measure morphology of critical wasp traitsAim: clarify the importance of Wolbachia infections in the speciation of fig wasps and by extent, figsHypothesis 2b: Wolbachia infections are predictably distributed among the phylogeny of wasps within a completely sampled genus Study organisms: Malvanthera figs & their pollinators (Pleistodontes)Methods: analysis of Wolbachia strain distribution across PleistodontesAim: clarifying the patterns of Wolbachia infections across an entire wasp genusHypothesis 3: fig wasps show high levels of local adaptationStudy organisms: Papuasyce figs & corresponding wasp pollinatorsMethods: thermal tolerance & dispersal abilities experiments; host specificity/pollinator exchange experimentsAim: establish the degree of wasp local adaptation to abiotic environment & host plant

共同多样化的最好例子之一是无花果（榕属，桑科）和榕小蜂传粉者（Agaonidae）。黄蜂作为无花果的花粉传播媒介，而无花果是黄蜂幼虫的主要食物来源和庇护所。利用现有的基因组数据和田间实验，目前的项目将解决：i）无花果和传粉者物种形成的基因组学和ii）宿主特异性的生态和进化决定因素。假设1：混合发生在最近分化的物种复合体的成员之间，与形态相容性的预测一致：研究生物：Papuasyce部分的无花果复合体（F. microdictya、小网藻F. umbrae，F. itoana）方法：RAD-seq数据分析和已经收集的草图（10 X）基因组和额外的采样目的：估计物种间基因流和渐渗的程度;建立高分化基因组区域的功能性假设2a：当考虑黄蜂的发育和形态学时，沃尔巴克氏体感染可预测地分布在个体无花果黄蜂中：研究生物：黄蜂传粉者及其共生细菌，沃尔巴克氏体方法：筛选已经可用于Wolbachia感染的黄蜂样品;测量关键黄蜂性状的形态目的：阐明Wolbachia感染在无花果黄蜂物种形成中的重要性，并在一定程度上，figs假设2b：Wolbachia感染可预测地分布在一个完全采样的属内的黄蜂的生殖过程中研究生物：锦葵无花果及其传粉者方法：分析Wolbachia菌株在单齿类中的分布目的：阐明Wolbachia在整个黄蜂属中的感染模式假设3：榕小蜂表现出高水平的局部适应性研究生物：Papuasyce无花果和相应的黄蜂传粉者方法：耐热性和传播能力实验;宿主特异性/传粉者交换实验目的：确定黄蜂对非生物环境和寄主植物的局部适应程度