States and "Pro-Government" Militias (PGMs): Delegation, Deniability, Acquiescence or Antagonism? Explaining Variation in State-PGM Relationships

国家和“亲政府”民兵（PGM）：授权、推诿、默许还是对抗？

• 批准号: 2432759
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Queen's University Belfast
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2432759
• 关键词: States; Pro; Government; Militias; PGMs

"This PhD research project proposes to investigate complexity and variation in state-PGM relationships. There is a growing body of empirical analyses on extra-dyadic actors that refers to "pro-government militias" (PGMs), conceived broadly as non-state armed organizations that are pro-government in some way. Because these groups are defined by their "pro-government" orientation, researchers often assume that governments directly or indirectly manage or delegate tasks to PGMs. However, a closer inspection reveals a variety of relationships with the state. Militias such as the Civilian Defence Patrols in Guatemala enjoyed semi-official status as a government-led and mandated counterinsurgent organization. Others like the Janjaweed in Sudan have operated in an informal capacity that allowed the government to disavow itself of their actions. Elsewhere, governments have had an antagonistic relationship with PGMs and even militarily targeted them, such as the Iraqi government with the Sons of Iraq. In addition, government-PGM relations can shift over time. Research has not systematically addressed these variations in state-PGM relationships.Taking Northern Ireland, the Philippines, and Colombia as comparative case studies, this research will examine the nuanced relationships between the state and counterinsurgent paramilitaries (such as the Ulster Volunteer Force, Citizens Armed Forces Geographical Units, and Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia) and how and why these relationships vary between cases and over time.This project will contribute to our understanding of state-PGM relationships by providing theories that explain variations in government-PGM relationships, from open state-led paramilitaries through to hostile engagement between the state and counter-insurgency organisations."

“该博士研究项目提议调查状态 - PGM关系的复杂性和变化。对外义大利行为者的经验分析越来越多，它指的是“亲政府民兵”（PGMS）（PGMS）（PGMS），广泛地认为是非国家武装组织，这些组织在某种程度上是由某种程度上定义的。但是，委托PGM的任务。军事目标是针对他们，例如伊拉克政府与伊拉克之子。此外，政府 - PGM关系可能会随着时间的推移而变化。研究尚未系统地解决状态-PGM关系中的这些差异。将北部爱尔兰，菲律宾和哥伦比亚作为比较案例研究，这项研究将研究国家与抗外界的潜艇运动之间的细微关系通过提供解释政府 - PGM关系的差异的理论，从开放式国家主导的准军事人员到国家与违反企业组织之间的敌对互动，从而为我们对国家PGM关系的理解做出贡献。”