A CROSS-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ILLNESS

疾病的跨文化发展分析

• 批准号: 6603330
• 负责人: Lakshmi Raman
• 金额: $ 4.64万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6603330
• 关键词: American; East Indian; India; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; child (0-11); clinical research; comprehension; culture; developmental psychology; disease /disorder etiology; human subject; parent offspring interaction; postdoctoral investigator; young adult human (21-34)

The aim of the research proposal is to examine cross-cultural developmental differences in the understanding of illness. The proposed studies will present a variety of illnesses to participants (preschoolers, second graders, fifth graders and college students) in the United States and India to determine if they entertain a multiplicity of beliefs and what age these multiple belief systems develop. In Study 1, participants will be presented with two groups of illnesses (serious, and innocuous with 4-5 illnesses included in each group). They will then be presented with various causal reasons (biological, imminent justice, psychological, and an irrelevant choice). They will be asked to agree or disagree with each of the choices presented and will be asked to justify why they agree or disagree. Study 2 examines whether the next illness is presented in makes a difference in the causal reasoning about illness. Children will e presented with the same set of illnesses as Study 1 but will be asked what causal reason(s) and cures a doctor may give for the illnesses as Study 1 but will be asked what causal reason(s) and cures a doctor may give for the illness compared to the causal reason(s) and cures a grandmother may generate for the illness. Study 3 will examine parent-child interactions to determine the role of parental input in children's understanding of illness. Results from these studies will be useful to educators and individuals in the medical profession in determining what kind of information children will be likely to comprehend when reasoning about illness. It also provides as to whether these belief systems are universal or culture specific.

该研究计划的目的是探讨跨文化对疾病理解的发展差异。拟议的研究将向美国和印度的参与者（学龄前儿童、二年级学生、五年级学生和大学生）展示各种疾病，以确定他们是否持有多种信仰以及这些多种信仰体系形成的年龄。在研究 1 中，参与者将面临两组疾病（严重疾病和无害疾病，每组包括 4-5 种疾病）。然后，他们将面临各种因果原因（生物学、迫在眉睫的正义、心理和不相关的选择）。他们将被要求同意或不同意所提出的每一个选择，并被要求证明他们同意或不同意的原因。研究 2 检查下一种疾病的出现是否会影响疾病的因果推理。孩子们将患有与研究 1 相同的疾病，但会被问到医生可能为研究 1 给出的疾病的因果原因和治疗方法，但会被问到与祖母可能为该疾病提供的因果原因和治疗方法相比，医生可能为该疾病提供的因果原因和治疗方法是什么。研究 3 将检查亲子互动，以确定父母的投入在儿童对疾病的理解中的作用。这些研究的结果将有助于教育工作者和医学界的个人确定儿童在推理疾病时可能理解什么样的信息。它还规定了这些信仰体系是普遍的还是特定文化的。