The Gender Impact of Welfare Reform since 2010
2010年以来福利改革对性别的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:2435620
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2020 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Universal Credit (UC) was a flagship policy of the 2010 Coalition Government, rolling six 'legacy' benefits into one monthly payment. Payments of UC are capped at two children in a family. In 2015, Prime Minister David Cameron defended the Government's welfare reforms, stating that the previous system 'destroyed aspiration' and UC would 'ensure that it always pays to work' (Cameron, 2015). More than nine years and four parliamentary terms later, these policies have yet to be rolled out in full or as intended. Early warning systems from welfare groups and NGOs have indicated unintended consequences. A report released by the Public Accounts Committee in 2018 concluded that UC is "causing unacceptable hardship and difficulties for many of the claimants it was designed to help". UN Rapporteur Philip Alston reported that claimants of UC feel forced to 'take inappropriate low-paid, temporary work just to avoid debilitating sanctions' (Alston, 2018).For many women, childcare and other caring responsibilities are some of the biggest barriers they face when considering returning to work or seeking to move to better jobs. The reality is that for low-income parents, gains from entering the labour market can be limited, offset by childcare costs and time restrictions that limit their job search area. Aspects of UC have been identified that make it harder for low-income parents to access childcare. Research Questions:Three distinct questions will be explored in order to gain understanding of the trade-offs women face as a result of Universal Credit and the two-child limit: 1) How has the UK Government's recent imposition of a two-child limit on Universal Credit and Working Tax Credit impacted on fertility?2) How have recent UK welfare reforms impacted a) on the labour supply decisions of women and b) on job quality? 3) Is there any evidence to suggest that differential policy in Scotland, relative to the rest of the UK, (e.g. the Scottish Child Payment) is mitigating adverse impacts of the wider welfare reforms.Research Methods:Cutting-edge quasi-experimental methods such as difference-in- difference (DID) analysis will be used to identify the causal effects of the policy on outcomes for women and the key features of welfare reform policy that drive the policy's intended and unintended consequences. Findings are intended to contribute to the wider policy debate on welfare reform, and pinpoint specific evidence-based interventions for a live and developing policy over the following years. Impact:In addition to contributing to academic literature, the intention is to use this research to inform future policy. The work should provide insights into the extent of some unintended consequences of UC and the two-child limit. The aim is then to make inferences on how to mitigate problems and strengthen the intended consequences of the welfare reforms and to make recommendations aimed at improving outcomes during the gradual and phased switch to UC.
通用信贷(UC)是2010年联合政府的旗舰政策,将六项“遗留”福利纳入每月支付。UC的支付上限是一个家庭有两个孩子。2015年,首相戴维·卡梅伦为政府的福利改革辩护,称以前的制度“破坏了抱负”,UC将“确保它总是值得工作”(卡梅伦,2015年)。九年多来,四届议会任期过去了,这些政策仍未完全或按计划推出。福利团体和非政府组织的早期预警系统已经预示了意想不到的后果。英国公共账目委员会(Public Accounts Committee) 2018年发布的一份报告得出结论称,UC“给许多本应帮助的索赔人带来了不可接受的困难和困难”。联合国报告员菲利普·奥尔斯顿(Philip Alston)报告称,UC的索赔人被迫“接受不适当的低薪临时工作,以避免削弱制裁”(奥尔斯顿,2018年)。对许多女性来说,在考虑重返工作岗位或寻求更好的工作时,照顾孩子和其他照顾他人的责任是她们面临的最大障碍。现实情况是,对于低收入父母来说,进入劳动力市场的收益可能是有限的,被儿童保育成本和限制他们找工作范围的时间限制所抵消。UC的一些方面已经确定,使低收入父母更难获得托儿服务。研究问题:将探讨三个不同的问题,以便了解妇女因通用信贷和二孩限制而面临的权衡:1)英国政府最近对通用信贷和工作税收抵免实施的二孩限制如何影响生育率?2)最近的英国福利改革如何影响a)女性的劳动力供应决策和b)工作质量?3)是否有证据表明,与英国其他地区相比,苏格兰的差别政策(例如苏格兰儿童补贴)正在减轻更广泛的福利改革的不利影响。研究方法:将使用前沿的准实验方法,如差异中差异(DID)分析,以确定政策对妇女结果的因果影响,以及推动政策预期和意外后果的福利改革政策的关键特征。研究结果旨在为更广泛的福利改革政策辩论做出贡献,并为未来几年的现行和发展中的政策确定具体的循证干预措施。影响:除了为学术文献做出贡献外,目的是利用这项研究为未来的政策提供信息。这项工作应该提供深入了解UC和二胎限制的一些意想不到的后果的程度。然后,目的是对如何减轻问题和加强福利改革的预期后果进行推断,并提出旨在改善逐步和分阶段转向UC的结果的建议。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
其他文献
吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('', 18)}}的其他基金
An implantable biosensor microsystem for real-time measurement of circulating biomarkers
用于实时测量循环生物标志物的植入式生物传感器微系统
- 批准号:
2901954 - 财政年份:2028
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Exploiting the polysaccharide breakdown capacity of the human gut microbiome to develop environmentally sustainable dishwashing solutions
利用人类肠道微生物群的多糖分解能力来开发环境可持续的洗碗解决方案
- 批准号:
2896097 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
A Robot that Swims Through Granular Materials
可以在颗粒材料中游动的机器人
- 批准号:
2780268 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Likelihood and impact of severe space weather events on the resilience of nuclear power and safeguards monitoring.
严重空间天气事件对核电和保障监督的恢复力的可能性和影响。
- 批准号:
2908918 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Proton, alpha and gamma irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking: understanding the fuel-stainless steel interface
质子、α 和 γ 辐照辅助应力腐蚀开裂:了解燃料-不锈钢界面
- 批准号:
2908693 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Field Assisted Sintering of Nuclear Fuel Simulants
核燃料模拟物的现场辅助烧结
- 批准号:
2908917 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Assessment of new fatigue capable titanium alloys for aerospace applications
评估用于航空航天应用的新型抗疲劳钛合金
- 批准号:
2879438 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Developing a 3D printed skin model using a Dextran - Collagen hydrogel to analyse the cellular and epigenetic effects of interleukin-17 inhibitors in
使用右旋糖酐-胶原蛋白水凝胶开发 3D 打印皮肤模型,以分析白细胞介素 17 抑制剂的细胞和表观遗传效应
- 批准号:
2890513 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Understanding the interplay between the gut microbiome, behavior and urbanisation in wild birds
了解野生鸟类肠道微生物组、行为和城市化之间的相互作用
- 批准号:
2876993 - 财政年份:2027
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
相似国自然基金
The Heterogenous Impact of Monetary Policy on Firms' Risk and Fundamentals
- 批准号:
- 批准年份:2024
- 资助金额:万元
- 项目类别:外国学者研究基金项目
基于ImPACT方案的家长干预对孤独症谱系障碍儿童干预疗效及神经生物学机制研究
- 批准号:82301732
- 批准年份:2023
- 资助金额:30 万元
- 项目类别:青年科学基金项目
2型糖尿病胰岛β细胞功能调控新靶点IMPACT的功能及作用机制研究
- 批准号:81600598
- 批准年份:2016
- 资助金额:19.0 万元
- 项目类别:青年科学基金项目
基于IMPACT模型的社区慢性病干预效果的经济学评价研究
- 批准号:71303173
- 批准年份:2013
- 资助金额:21.0 万元
- 项目类别:青年科学基金项目
相似海外基金
How Does Pre-Entry Communication Impact Competition and Welfare
入职前沟通如何影响竞争和福利
- 批准号:
24K00249 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Breathless Birds: Does air hunger impact the welfare of poultry at slaughter?
喘不过气来的鸟:空气饥饿会影响屠宰时家禽的福利吗?
- 批准号:
BB/X000680/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Breathless birds: Does air hunger impact the welfare of poultry at slaughter?
呼吸困难的鸟类:空气饥饿会影响屠宰时家禽的福利吗?
- 批准号:
BB/X000532/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Breathless birds: Does air hunger impact the welfare of poultry at slaughter?
呼吸困难的鸟类:空气饥饿会影响屠宰时家禽的福利吗?
- 批准号:
BB/X000443/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Analysis of the impact of remoteness on transportation systems and urban spatial structure and evaluation of social welfare
偏远对交通系统和城市空间结构的影响分析及社会福利评价
- 批准号:
23H01525 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Determinants of Climate Change Adaptation and Its Impact on Household Welfare: Evidence from a Developing Country
气候变化适应的决定因素及其对家庭福利的影响:来自发展中国家的证据
- 批准号:
23K19325 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
Understanding Factors Affecting Working Equid Welfare: Developing Engagement and Impact
了解影响工作设备福利的因素:培养参与度和影响力
- 批准号:
ES/Y007417/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Fellowship
How do differing rates and modes of child welfare service interventions impact upon educational and criminal justice outcomes of vulnerable children?
儿童福利服务干预措施的不同比率和模式如何影响弱势儿童的教育和刑事司法结果?
- 批准号:
ES/W002345/1 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Fellowship
Christian Ethics of Farmed Animal Welfare - Impact in Schools and Theological Education
养殖动物福利的基督教伦理——对学校和神学教育的影响
- 批准号:
AH/W000776/1 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Animal Welfare Research Network: Building research quality, capacity and impact.
动物福利研究网络:建设研究质量、能力和影响力。
- 批准号:
BB/W001500/1 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grant