Adapting to climate change: transgenerational acclimation as a mechanism of rapid evolution.

适应气候变化：跨代适应作为快速进化的机制。

• 批准号: 2436063
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Plymouth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2436063
• 关键词: Adapting; climate; change; transgenerational; acclimation

In the context of climate change, it is imperative to determine to what extent species have the capacity to persist in a warmer environment. Yet beyond studies in model species, we understand little of the potential for adaptation in wild populations. While traditional studies predict that climate change will lead to a reduction in biodiversity, predictions are often based on short-term experiments focusing on one life stage or generation. Recent studies show that some aquatic species can acclimate to elevated temperatures, such as those projected under climate change scenarios, across generations. This phenomenon, known as "transgenerational acclimation", could be a powerful mechanism by which populations of some species adjust to environmental change. Despite its potential importance in modifying species' response to novel environments, its effects on species' ability to respond long-term to climate change, in terms of fitness and reproductive output, are largely unexplored. Moreover, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning transgenerational acclimation is limited. This project aims to investigate processes that lead to rapid adaptive responses by testing how parental exposure to thermally stressful environments improves offspring performance under the same conditions. You will use an experimental approach to test the effects of transgenerational exposure to elevated temperatures on behavioural, physiological and life-history performance of ecologically-important aquatic organisms. Physiological and lifehistory measurements will be incorporated into predictive models to forecast potential population effects of projected climate change. You will use state-of-the-art genetic sequencing and bioinformatics to examine patterns of gene expression, and correlate them with physiological and behavioural performance of amphipods acclimated to elevated temperatures, to identify which genes drive acclimation in each trait. to develop expertise in ecophysiology, genomics, behavioural ecology, evolutionary biology, and population modelling. receiving training in:Animal husbandry, eco-physiological (respirometry, thermal assays) and molecular tools (RNA isolation/QC, qPCR) (UoP). Bioinformatics (BAS).Population/physiological modelling (PML/UC). Data analysis, critical thinking, scientific writing.

在气候变化的背景下，必须确定物种在何种程度上有能力在更温暖的环境中生存。然而，除了对模式物种的研究之外，我们对野生种群的适应潜力知之甚少。虽然传统的研究预测气候变化将导致生物多样性减少，但预测往往是基于集中在一个生命阶段或一代人的短期实验。最近的研究表明，一些水生物种可以跨代适应升高的温度，例如在气候变化情景下预测的温度。这种现象被称为“跨代适应”，可能是某些物种种群适应环境变化的一种强大机制。尽管它在改变物种对新环境的反应方面具有潜在的重要性，但它对物种在适应性和生殖输出方面长期应对气候变化的能力的影响在很大程度上尚未探索。此外，我们对跨代驯化的分子机制的理解是有限的。该项目旨在通过测试父母暴露于热应激环境如何在相同条件下提高后代的表现来研究导致快速适应反应的过程。您将使用实验方法来测试跨代暴露于高温对生态重要性水生生物的行为，生理和生活史表现的影响。将把生理和生活史测量纳入预测模型，以预测预测气候变化对人口的潜在影响。您将使用最先进的基因测序和生物信息学来检查基因表达模式，并将其与适应高温的片足类动物的生理和行为表现相关联，以确定哪些基因驱动每个性状的适应。发展生态生理学，基因组学，行为生态学，进化生物学和人口建模方面的专业知识。接受以下方面的培训：畜牧业、生态生理学（呼吸测定法、热分析法）和分子工具（RNA分离/QC、qPCR）（UoP）。生物信息学（BAS）.人口/生理建模（PML/UC）。数据分析，批判性思维，科学写作。