Functional Evaluation of the Meniscus and Meniscus Replacement using MRI

使用 MRI 进行半月板和半月板置换的功能评估

• 批准号: 2444470
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2444470
• 关键词: Functional; Evaluation; Meniscus; Replacement; using

The knee is the most common site for osteoarthritis, affecting over 4 million people in the UK alone.The aim of this PhD study is to develop new methods for examining the human knee joint under load, including through the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The particular focus is on the meniscus, a fibrous horseshoe-shaped soft tissue that sits between the two cartilage surfaces of the knee joint. Both damage and degeneration of the meniscus are linked to the progression of osteoarthritis. A number of surgical techniques have been developed to repair or replace damaged meniscal tissues, however their mechanical performance has no tyet been rigorously evalauted to define which patient groups they are most suitable for. The techniques developed in this PhD will be used to evaluate the mechanical performance of meniscus replacement grafts, in comparison to the natural healthy joint. The main objectives of the PhD will be to develop a novel loading system that can be used to apply physiological loading states to cadaveric knees within an MRI machine, alongside the necessary image analysis and computational modelling tools to be able to determine the meniscal deformations under different loading states. The methods developed will then be used to evaluate the performance of the natural meniscus and meniscus grafts under different patient and surgical variables. The results will provide greater insight into the performance of the meniscus within the knee capsule, and under what cases healthy biomechanics can be restored through use of meniscal grafts. These results will provide evidence for future graft design and for surgical decision making around graft selection and placement.

膝关节是骨关节炎最常见的部位，仅在英国就有超过400万人受到影响。这项博士研究的目的是开发新的方法来检查人类膝关节的负荷，包括通过使用磁共振成像（MRI）。特别关注的是半月板，一种位于膝关节两个软骨表面之间的马蹄形纤维软组织。半月板的损伤和退化都与骨关节炎的进展有关。已经开发了许多手术技术来修复或替换受损的椎间盘组织，但是尚未严格评估其机械性能以确定其最适合哪些患者群体。在这个博士学位开发的技术将用于评估半月板置换移植物的机械性能，与自然健康关节相比。博士的主要目标将是开发一种新型的加载系统，可用于在MRI机器内将生理加载状态应用于尸体膝关节，以及必要的图像分析和计算建模工具，以便能够确定不同加载状态下的膝关节变形。开发的方法将用于评估不同患者和手术变量下天然半月板和半月板移植物的性能。结果将提供更深入的了解半月板在膝关节囊内的性能，以及在什么情况下可以通过使用半月板移植物恢复健康的生物力学。这些结果将为未来的移植物设计和围绕移植物选择和放置的手术决策提供证据。