Writing Runes: Determining Functional Variation in Early Runic Inscriptions

如尼文字是一种至少从公元世纪到中世纪在德语世界的许多地方使用的文字。这个研究项目评估了如何确定早期如尼文写作在一个社会中的功能，在这个社会中，写作在公元400 -650年之间是一种不太常见的社会实践。虽然该项目主要集中在前古英语铭文（约公元400 - 650年在英国使用的日耳曼语言;语料库编号约25项），但分析将扩展到欧洲所有便携式物体上的当代如尼文铭文（总计约400项）。这为前古英语铭文提供了更广泛的当代背景。该项目的重点是使用历史社会语言学，社会符号学和物质文化研究的方法，以系统的方式确定功能。然后，分析将被用来创建一个框架，试图回答关键问题：-当跨学科分析应用于符文写作时，什么框架来自分析，它能告诉我们什么关于符文写作的功能？-前古英语如尼文字的功能是什么？在公元400年至650年的早期英国如尼文字时期，这种功能是如何变化的？与欧洲的南日耳曼语、弗里斯兰语和斯堪的纳维亚语语料库的铭文相比，英国早期的如尼文铭文的功能如何？我以前的研究给了我所需的技能，如语言理论和历史语言研究的基础。我的硕士学位的80个学分是在符文学，阅读符文（72%）和我的硕士论文在英国的早期符文铭文（78%）。在我的MA我采取了模块在古英语包括语境古英语（72%）;提高了我的跨学科研究技能在维京海盗和盎格鲁-撒克逊研究的研究方法（71%）;并采取了一个模块有关语言历史通过地名研究，地名：语言，景观，历史（70%）。在我的学士学位，我也采取了相关的模块：盎格鲁-撒克逊人的文学（76%）;在历史语言学模块，英语通过时间（72%）;和地名模块，英语地名（77%）。我在2018年获得了阿尔弗雷德·奥斯克罗夫特散文奖的地名，并在2019年获得了克莉丝汀费尔奖学金。诺丁汉的英语学院是英国唯一一个有两名活跃的语言学家的系，我和他们都有很好的工作关系。有他们作为我的导师意味着我将很好地安置和支持有关我的研究兴趣

Runic writing was a script used in many parts of the Germanic-speaking world from at least the second century AD through to the Middle Ages. This research project assesses how to determine the function of early runic writing in a society where writing was a less common social practice between c.400-650 AD. Though the project is primarily focused on the pre-Old English inscriptions (the Germanic language spoken in Britain c.400-650AD; corpus numbers c.25 items), the analysis will extend to all contemporary runic inscriptions on portable objects across Europe (totalling c.400 items). This provides a wider contemporary context for the pre-Old English inscriptions. The project focuses on determining function in a systematic way using approaches from historical sociolinguistics, social semiotics, and material culture studies. The analysis will then be used to create a framework which will attempt to answer key questions:- When interdisciplinary analysis is applied to runic writing, what framework comes from the analysis and what can it tell us about the function of runic writing?- What are the functions of pre-Old English runic writing and how does this change over the early runic period between c.400 to 650AD in Britain?- How do the early runic inscriptions of Britain function in comparison with the inscriptions of the South Germanic, Frisian and Scandinavia corpora in Europe?My previous studies have given me grounding in skills needed such as linguistic theory and historical language studies. 80 credits of my distinction-level MA degree were in runology, Reading Runes (72%)and my MA thesis on the early runic inscriptions of Britain (78%). During my MA I took modules in Old English including Contextualising Old English (72%); heightened my interdisciplinary research skills in Research Methods in Viking and Anglo-Saxon Studies (71%); and took a module concerning language history through place-names studies, Place-names: language, landscape, history (70%). Throughout my BA I also took relevant modules: The Literature of the Anglo-Saxons (76%); a module in historical linguistics, English Through Time (72%); and a place-names module, English place-names (77%). I was awarded the Alfred Oscroft Essay Prize for place-names in 2018 and received the Christine Fell Scholarship for my MA studies in 2019. The School of English at Nottingham is the only British department with two active runologists, both of whom I have a good working relationship with. Having them as my supervisors means that I will be well placed and supported concerning my research interests