Proactive Prevention of Exposure Respirable Chromium

积极预防接触可吸入铬

• 批准号: 6932948
• 负责人: Clifford D Jolly
• 金额: $ 44.5万
• 依托单位: ELS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6932948
• 关键词: air filtration; air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; analytical chemistry; analytical method; biomedical equipment development; chromium; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; portable biomedical equipment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Occupational exposures to hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), occur during the production and use of stainless steel, chromate chemicals, and chromate pigments and operations such as chrome plating and coating processes. NIOSH considers all Cr(VI) compounds to be potential occupational carcinogens, and an increased risk of lung cancer has been demonstrated in exposed workers. Compliance with occupational exposure protection requirements for toxic metals is currently very difficult for industrial and government facilities to achieve. The purpose of this program is to create an automated, low-cost method for rapidly quantifying potential exposures to chromium via respiratory pathways. This will be accomplished by developing and field-testing analytical instrumentation and methodology to assist facilities in reducing the potential for occupational exposures to airborne chromium. The ultimate goal of the program is the creation of approved NIOSH and ASTM methods for automated airborne chromium analysis using ultrasonic extraction and adsorptive stripping voltammetry. This research plan is expected to firmly establish the technical basis for the new method, and will provide a capability in this field that does not currently exist. The potential for commercial application of this technology is extremely high due to its excellent sensitivity, rapid sample turnaround time, and low cost. All instrument functions are performed automatically, which differentiates the approach from any other method, and projects to a much more user-friendly design for use by industrial and government facilities. This program will also be instrumental in supporting the broader objective of developing a series of approved methods for automated monitoring and rapid analysis of other metals that pose health risks in occupational environments. A series of analyzers and methods based on ultrasonic extraction/electrochemical detection techniques is envisioned, which broadens the impact beyond chromium and supports the goal of effective, low-cost methods for the entire range of toxic respirable metals.

描述（由申请人提供）：在生产和使用不锈钢，铬酸盐化学物质和铬酸盐色素以及诸如镀铬镀层和涂料过程之类的不锈钢，铬酸盐化学物质以及诸如镀铬的过程中，发生在六价铬（CR（VI））中的职业暴露。 NIOSH认为所有CR（VI）化合物是潜在的职业致癌物，并且在暴露的工人中已经证明了肺癌的风险增加。目前，工业和政府设施难以实现对有毒金属的职业暴露保护要求的遵守。该程序的目的是创建一种自动化的低成本方法，以快速量化通过呼吸途径对铬的潜在暴露。这将通过开发和现场测试的分析仪器和方法来实现，以帮助设施减少空中铬的职业暴露潜力。该程序的最终目标是创建经过批准的NIOSH和ASTM方法，用于使用超声提取和吸附的伏击法进行自动空气寄生的铬分析。预计该研究计划将牢固建立新方法的技术基础，并将在该领域提供当前不存在的能力。由于其出色的灵敏度，快速样本周转时间和低成本，因此商业应用的潜力非常高。所有仪器功能都是自动执行的，这将方法与任何其他方法区分开来，并将其投影到更具用户友好的设计，以供工业和政府设施使用。该计划还将有助于支持开发一系列批准的方法的更广泛的目标，以自动监测和快速分析在职业环境中构成健康风险的其他金属。设想了一系列基于超声提取/电化学检测技术的分析仪和方法，它扩大了铬之外的影响，并支持有效的，低成本方法的目标，以实现整个有毒的可呼吸金属范围。