On-line, Near-infrared Urea Sensor for Hemodialysis

用于血液透析的在线近红外尿素传感器

• 批准号: 6847191
• 负责人: JONATHON T OLESBERG
• 金额: $ 11.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-05-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6847191
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biomedical equipment development; biosensor device; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical chemistry; hemodialysis; human subject; infrared spectrometry; monitoring device; patient oriented research; urea

The first component of the development award will be formal training in biochemistry, cellular biology, and physiology. This formal training will be augmented by professional interactions with clinical physicians and a mentored research effort in the development of near-infrared sensors for the monitoring of hemodialysis dose. The initial research component of this work will be the development of an all-optical sensor for the on-line measurement urea concentration in spent dialysate. An effective on-line urea sensor will allow regular, sample-free monitoring and optimization of hemodialysis dose. The sensor will also be adapted for measurements in the extracorporeal whole blood stream between the patient and the dialyzer. The measurement of urea in whole blood will provide a measurement of dose that is more directly related to current blood-based dose quantitation. Because near-infrared sensing technology permits simultaneous quantification of multiple analytes, the sensor will also be applied to quantification of other blood components, including serum albumin, serum creatinine, hematocrit, and uremic toxins, including hippuric acid and indoxyl sulfate. The capacity to monitor these additional analytes every dialysis session will be of substantial benefit to clinical physicians working with patients suffering from either end-stage or acute renal failure. Finally, the near- infrared sensor will be applied to non-invasive, in vivo measurements of urea in peripheral tissue sites. The information provided by such a measurement will be invaluable for the study of urea disequilibrium during dialysis and as a potentially rebound-free quantification of delivered dose. Initial instrument development will be performed in a laboratory environment using an in vitro model for sensor optimization. Calibration models will be generated for urea and other analytes. Sensor operation will then be validated in the clinical setting.

发展奖的第一个组成部分将是生物化学、细胞生物学和生理学方面的正式培训。 这种正式培训将通过与临床医生的专业互动以及在开发用于监测血液透析剂量的近红外传感器方面的指导研究工作来增强。 这项工作的初步研究部分将是开发一种全光学传感器，用于在线测量废透析液中的尿素浓度。 有效的在线尿素传感器将允许定期、无样品监测和优化血液透析剂量。该传感器还将适用于测量患者和透析器之间的体外全血流。 全血中尿素的测量将提供与当前基于血液的剂量定量更直接相关的剂量测量。 由于近红外传感技术允许同时定量多种分析物，因此该传感器还将应用于其他血液成分的定量，包括血清白蛋白、血清肌酐、血细胞比容和尿毒症毒素，包括马尿酸和硫酸吲哚酚。 每次透析过程中监测这些额外分析物的能力对于治疗终末期或急性肾衰竭患者的临床医生来说将大有裨益。 最后，近红外传感器将应用于外周组织部位尿素的非侵入性体内测量。 这种测量提供的信息对于透析过程中尿素不平衡的研究以及作为输送剂量的潜在无反弹定量是非常宝贵的。 最初的仪器开发将在实验室环境中使用体外模型进行传感器优化。 将为尿素和其他分析物生成校准模型。 然后传感器的操作将在临床环境中得到验证。