Peasant experience of the city in late nineteenth-century Poland.

我的硕士论文的目的是通过对城乡空间体验的考察，对农民社会流动进行系统的分析。19世纪下半叶，越来越多的波兰农民决定离开村庄，不仅在农村谋生，而且在城市谋生。尽管大多数人加入了工人阶级，但也有一些人成功地部分同化了广为人知的“知识分子”。当然，许多农民知识分子主要活跃在乡村，但即使是农村形式的激进主义，如建立农业圈子，也需要与城市空间接触。我打算调查农民精英在城市和乡村之间的疏离感，这两者都不能真正称为家。我想探讨一些问题，如城市中心宗教体验的变化，空间观念的转变(拥挤的城市，而不是宽敞的村庄)，以及农民反犹太主义的转变，以回应与远离犹太人的犹太人的互动。我想考虑的问题是：空间流动和社会流动之间的关系是什么？“现代”社会流动性与城市化有内在联系吗？城市环境对农民社会政治观念的变化有何影响？据我所知，这种对农村和城市这两个环境之间农民振荡的关注，在波兰是一种新的方法。

The aim of my MA thesis is to provide a systematic analysis of peasant social mobility by investigating the experience ofurban and rural spaces. In the second half of the nineteenth century, a growing number of Polish peasants decided toleave the village and earn their living not just in the countryside, but also in the city. Although the majority joined theworking class, some succeeded at partial assimilation to the broadly understood 'intelligentsia'. Of course, many peasantintellectuals were active primarily in the village, but even rural forms of activism, such as founding agrarian circles,required contact with the urban space. I intend to investigate the peasant elite's sense alienation between the city andthe village, neither of which they could truly call home. I would like to explore issues such as the change in religiousexperience in urban centres, a transition in the perception of space (crowded city as opposed to spacious village), as wellas the transformation of peasant antisemitism in response to interactions with the Jews away from the shtetl. Thequestions I would like to consider are: what is the relationship between spatial and social mobility? Is 'modern' socialmobility inherently tied to urbanisation? What is the impact of urban environment on the change in peasant social andpolitical views? This focus on peasant oscillation between two milieux, the rural and the urban is, as far as I know, a newapproach in the Polish context.