Social Inequalities in Periodontal Diseases

牙周病的社会不平等

• 批准号: 6893329
• 负责人: LUISA N BORRELL
• 金额: $ 12.95万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6893329
• 关键词: academic achievement; adult human (21+); age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; community; dental health services; dental survey; employment /unemployment; epidemiology; gender difference; geographic difference; health care service utilization; health disparity; human data; income; oral health; periodontitis; periodontium disorder; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While some improvements in the health of the United States population have occurred over time, the persistence of disparities between groups, namely racial/ethnic or socioeconomic groups, indicates that such improvement has been uneven. Indeed, this improvement differential has actually contributed toward widening the disparities gap. Furthermore, although the long-standing focus of health comparisons in the US has been race/ethnicity, differences between the "haves" and the "have-nots" have been documented for years and remained pervasive. One such disparity is oral health, and more specifically periodontal disease disparities, which have been reported from national and local surveys for years. Previous studies show differences in periodontal health by race/ethnicity and personal socioeconomic indicators such as income and education. However, race/ethnicity, SES, and traditional risk factors do not fully explain the observed disparities in periodontal health. These findings suggest that the determinants of disparities in periodontal diseases may extend beyond individual characteristics. Therefore, to reduce the gap among groups, multilevel and interdisciplinary research approaches addressing more distant or upstream factors will need to be undertaken in studying periodontal health disparities (i.e., the place where people live and interact could influence and shape their health profiles and behaviors patterns). This career transition award will provide me with a unique opportunity to obtain new and innovative ways for studying not only the social determinants of periodontal diseases and other dental conditions but also health in general. Three areas of training are proposed: Oral Epidemiology, Advanced Epidemiological Methods and Statistical Analysis and Social Epidemiology. My training in these areas will be overseen by five mentors: Brian A. Burr, BDS, MPH, PhD; Rueben C. Warren DDS, DrPH, Ana V. Diez-Roux, MD, PhD; Bruce Link, PhD and Harold W. Neighbors, PhD. My goal is to become an independent investigator that tackles research questions using a social determinant of health approach including individuals as well as their immediate environment. The proposed research will extend our understanding on the determinants of periodontal diseases by: 1) assessing the contribution of both individual and neighborhood-level social factors; 2) examining the contribution of individual risk factors to racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in periodontal diseases; 3) investigating interactions across individual and neighborhood-level social factors; and 4) exploring periodontal health disparity trends over time.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然随着时间的推移，美国人口的健康状况有所改善，但群体之间，即种族/民族或社会经济群体之间持续存在的差异表明，这种改善是不平衡的。事实上，这种进步差距实际上助长了差距的扩大。此外，尽管美国长期以来的健康比较焦点是种族/民族，但“富人”和“穷人”之间的差异多年来一直被记录在案，并且仍然普遍存在。其中一个差异是口腔健康，更具体地说，是牙周病的差异，这是多年来国家和地方调查报告的结果。以前的研究表明，牙周健康因种族/民族和个人社会经济指标（如收入和教育）而异。然而，种族/民族、社会经济地位和传统危险因素并不能完全解释观察到的牙周健康差异。这些发现表明牙周病差异的决定因素可能超出个体特征。因此，为了缩小群体之间的差距，在研究牙周健康差异（即人们生活和互动的地方可能影响和塑造他们的健康状况和行为模式）时，需要采取针对更遥远或上游因素的多层次和跨学科研究方法。