fMRI to inform the Components of Cognitive Architecture

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是利用脑成像和认知架构相互告知。已经开发了一个框架，将认知架构中的过程映射到fMRI成像中获得的BOLD功能上。给定大脑区域的过程分配，可以对这些区域在一系列任务中获得的BOLD功能的确切形式进行先验预测。这可以作为纽带，使功能磁共振成像能够为任何明确的认知处理理论提供新的测试，并指导该理论的未来发展。更具体地说，这项研究将着眼于ACT-R理论对四个一般认知领域的预测。第一种涉及代数字符串操作任务，该理论已经通过对运动区、后顶叶意象区和前额叶检索区的同时预测进行了实质性的测试。第二种涉及各种目标操纵任务，期望在次目标设定过程中背外侧前额叶区域会活跃。第三个实验涉及一系列涉及扇效应的检索任务，其期望结果将详细说明ACT-R理论在前额叶检索区域的映射。除了指导ACT-R理论的发展，这项研究将有助于开发概念工具，使用功能磁共振成像研究来研究更高层次的认知功能。将脑成像映射到更高层次的认知功能对于许多应用都很重要，包括与健康相关的努力，如理解认知功能障碍的基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to use brain imaging and cognitive architectures to mutually inform one another. A framework has been developed to map the processes in a cognitive architecture onto the BOLD function obtained in fMRI imaging. Given an assignment of processes to brain regions it is possible to make a priori predictions about the exact form of the BOLD function obtained in these regions across a range of tasks. This can serve as the link that enables fMRI imaging to provide novel tests of any well specified theory of cognitive processing theory and to direct the future development of that theory. More specifically, the research will look at predictions of the ACT-R theory for four general cognitive domains. The first involves algebraic string manipulation tasks for which the theory has already been substantially tested with respect to its simultaneous predictions for a motor area, a posterior parietal imagery area, and a prefrontal retrieval area. The second involves various goal-manipulation tasks for which the expectation is that dorsolateral prefrontal regions will be active during subgoaling. The third involves a set of retrieval tasks involving the fan effect for which the expectation is that the results will elaborate the mapping of the ACT-R theory onto prefrontal retrieval regions. In addition to directing the development of the ACT-R theory this research will serve to develop the conceptual tools for using fMRI research to study higher-level cognitive functioning. Advancing the mapping of brain imaging to higher-level cognitive function is important for many applications including health-related efforts such as understanding the basis of cognitive dysfunctions.