Jewish Collectors and Donors at the National Gallery

国家美术馆的犹太收藏家和捐赠者

• 批准号: 2484486
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Durham University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2484486
• 关键词: Jewish; Collectors; Donors; National; Gallery

This project interrogates the Jewish contribution to the making of the National Gallery. Despite the importance of many Jewish collectors associated with the Gallery - including Alfred de Rothschild, Ludwig Mond, Walter Samuel, 2nd Viscount Bearsted - these men and women have never been studied as a group in relation to the growth of the institution. Focusing on the period from the foundation of the National Gallery (1824) to the end of the Second World (1945), this project will investigate the role of Jewish donors, dealers and trustees in constructing the collections and in administering the institution. The project will consider what, if anything, was distinctive about Jewish taste in painting, and uncover the motivations behind acts of philanthropy on the part of this cultural minority. It will reconstruct the Jewish presence within networks of kinship, business and sociability that sustained the National Gallery in an era of dramatic expansion yet economic hardship and analyse the dynamics which resulted in paintings owned by eminent Jewish collectors entering the public domain in the era before the Holocaust. Although centred on the holdings of the National Gallery, this interdisciplinary doctoral project will reveal links with other houses and museums in Britain and beyond, and put to work methodologies derived from art history, social and cultural history, the history of collecting and the history of the art market. In addition to its historic interest, the project fits with a contemporary desire for museums to be more reflexive about their origins and to discover the diverse histories they contain and can narrate. In this way, the project fits with contemporary agendas at the Gallery as it moves towards the bicentenary of its foundation in 2024.Among the central questions for this doctoral research project are:- What does the development of the National Gallery and its collections reveal about Jewish cultural philanthropy in the period, c.1830-1945? How does the donation of paintings compare with other types of gift?- How did the intensity of Jewish involvement with the National Gallery vary over this period? How did the Jewish participation compare with that of other groups? Did gender, social status, age or national background influence how collectors engaged with the Gallery?- What contribution did Jewish trustees make to the direction and management of the National Gallery in the hundred years of its existence?- How significant was the contribution of Jewish dealers to the formation of the National Gallery collections? How far did Jewish dealers and collectors mobilise wider European relationships and cultural trends?- Why has this Jewish contribution been obscured within institutional memory? How should that be rectified?

该项目质疑犹太人对国家美术馆建设的贡献。尽管与画廊相关的许多犹太收藏家都很重要——包括阿尔弗雷德·罗斯柴尔德、路德维希·蒙德、沃尔特·塞缪尔、第二代贝尔斯特德子爵——但这些男人和女人从未作为一个与该机构的发展相关的群体进行研究。该项目重点关注从国家美术馆成立（1824 年）到第二次世界大战结束（1945 年）这一时期，将调查犹太捐赠者、经销商和受托人在藏品建设和机构管理中的作用。该项目将考虑犹太人绘画品味的独特之处（如果有的话），并揭示这个文化少数群体慈善行为背后的动机。它将重建犹太人在亲属关系、商业和社交网络中的存在，这些网络在一个急剧扩张但经济困难的时代维持了国家美术馆，并分析了导致大屠杀之前时代杰出犹太收藏家拥有的画作进入公共领域的动态。虽然以国家美术馆的藏品为中心，但这个跨学科的博士项目将揭示与英国及其他地区其他博物馆和博物馆的联系，并将源自艺术史、社会和文化史、收藏史和艺术市场历史的方法论付诸实践。除了其历史意义外，该项目还符合当代博物馆的愿望，即博物馆更多地反思其起源，并发现它们所包含和可以讲述的多样化历史。通过这种方式，该项目符合美术馆在 2024 年成立二百周年之际的当代议程。这个博士研究项目的核心问题是：- 国家美术馆及其藏品的发展揭示了约 1830-1945 年期间犹太文化慈善事业的哪些内容？绘画捐赠与其他类型的礼物相比如何？- 在此期间，犹太人参与国家美术馆的强度有何变化？与其他群体相比，犹太人的参与情况如何？性别、社会地位、年龄或民族背景是否影响了收藏家与美术馆的互动方式？ - 犹太受托人在国家美术馆存在的一百年里对指导和管理做出了哪些贡献？ - 犹太经销商对国家美术馆藏品的形成有何贡献？犹太商人和收藏家在多大程度上动员了更广泛的欧洲关系和文化趋势？-为什么犹太人的这一贡献在机构记忆中被掩盖了？应该如何纠正？