Probiotic Microbes "The Scientific Basis"

描述（由申请人提供）：微生物继续引起哺乳动物宿主的急性和慢性问题。这些微生物在给予足够数量时，可以通过对宿主及其微生物群的影响而有益于健康。尽管益生菌多年来被用于治疗各种疾病，经常取得令人鼓舞的结果，但益生菌微生物在改善人类或动物健康方面的有效性仍然存在问题。其中一些问题可能是由于对这些微生物作用的机制以及有效生产、管理和评估这些药物的方法的理解不足。美国微生物学会计划于2005年11月4日至6日在宾夕法尼亚州费城召开“益生菌：科学基础”研讨会。本文献的中心目标是批判性地研究一系列关于益生菌微生物及其使用的问题，以便更充分地实现它们的承诺。这些讨论应该有助于为进一步的研究和行动指明方向，以建立益生菌微生物作为兽医和临床医学的重要工具的效用。要考虑的具体题目有：1。正常植物群获取的后果；2. 微生物菌群操作的优势；3. 有益宿主-微生物相互作用机制；4. 有益微生物-微生物相互作用机制；5. 候选益生菌微生物评估系统的可用性6. 影响益生菌发展的监管问题。一个有关益生菌微生物科学各个方面的国际专家小组将聚集在一起，以鼓励公开和激烈讨论的方式考虑这些主题。这些讨论将构成一份报告的基础，该报告将包括对问题的简要描述、图形表示和对未来行动的建议。这项研究与公共卫生的相关性是为了更好地理解益生菌微生物的微生物学，它们的作用机制，优化和评估其有效性的选择，以及关注产品质量、安全性和有效性的监管问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Microorganisms continue to cause acute and chronic problems for mammalian hosts. These are microorganisms which when administered in sufficient quantities may benefit health through their influence on the host and its microflora. Although utilized for years to manage a variety of conditions, often with encouraging results, there are still questions concerning the effectiveness of probiotic microbes for improving human or animal health. Some of these questions may be due to an inadequate understanding of the mechanisms involved in the actions of these microbes and the means to effectively produce, administer, and evaluate these agents. The American Academy of Microbiology plans to convene a colloquium on "Probiotic Microbes: The Scientific Basis " November 4-6, 2005 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The central goal of this culloquium is to critically examine a series of questions concerning probiotic microbes and their use so that their promise can be more fully achieved. These discussions should help point the way toward further research and actions to establish the utility of probiotic microbes as an important tool in veterinary and clinical medicine. Specific topics to be considered are: 1. Consequences of Normal Flora Acquistion; 2. Advantages of Microflora Manipulation; 3. Mechanisms for Beneficial Host-Microbe Interactions; 4. Mechanisms for Beneficial Microbe-Microbe Interactions; 5. Availability of Systems to Assess Candidate Probiotic Microbes; 6. Regulatory Issues Impacting Probiotic Development. An international group of experts on the various facets of the science concerning probiotic microbes will gather to consider each of these topics in a setting and format that encourages open and vigorous discussions. The deliberations will form the foundation for a report, that will include a succinct description of the issues, graphical representations,and recommendations for future actions. The relevance of this research to public health is to address a better understanding of the microbiology of probiotic microbes, their mechanisms of action, options for optimizing and evaluating their effectiveness, and regulatory concerns focusing in product quality, safety, and efficacy.