How does female-specific selection affect male fertility?

要了解男性和女性的健康状况是如何演变的，需要了解它们是如何联系在一起的。男性和女性的基因组大部分相同，所以在一种性别上的选择很可能会有另一种性别的序列。如果选择作用于具有共同发育/遗传基础的性别二态特征(例如性腺功能)，这些结果可能对基因和表型水平都有实质性影响(Rogers等人)。在鸟类中，产卵的选择会导致输卵管的巨大变化。男性和女性的性腺是从相同的组织中分化出来的，所以睾丸中的相关反应很可能是相关的。(2017)最近表明，对女性生殖投资的人为选择会影响男性的生殖成功。目前尚不清楚性别选择是否会影响射精特征(例如精子功能)，也不知道这与睾丸形态有何联系。

Understanding how male and female fitness evolve requires anunderstanding of how they are linked. Males and females sharemost of their genome, so selection on one sex is likely to haveconsequences for the other. If selection acts upon sexuallydimorphic traits with a shared developmental/genetic basis (e.g.gonadal function), these consequences may be substantial bothat the genotypic and phenotypic level (Rogers et al. 2020).In birds, selection for egg production induces large changes tothe oviduct. Male and female gonads differentiate from thesame tissue, so correlated responses in the testes are likely.Pick et al. (2017) recently demonstrated that artificial selectionfor female reproductive investment affects reproductive successin males . It is not yet known whether sex-specific selectioninfluences ejaculate traits (e.g. sperm function), or how this islinked to testis morphology.