Malaria Parasite Sexual Development, Drug Resistance

疟疾基因组单位使用疟疾寄生虫基因组数据库并开发新的资源，以研究抗药性的机制、寄生虫性发育过程中的基因调控以及寄生虫种群的多样性和进化。在去年取得的进展的基础上，我们现在从恶性疟原虫1、2、4、5、6、13和14号染色体上的基因中收集了更多的单核苷酸多态(SNPs)。为了研究染色体单倍型、种群结构和重组率变异，我们还对来自世界各地的99个分离株的3号染色体上的183个SNP进行了基因分型。正在分析这一数据集以供发布。我们发现不同寄生虫种群和3号染色体的重组率差异很大。我们还完成了176株间日疟原虫分离株和其他5种灵长类疟疾物种的线粒体基因组测序。我们的数据支持间日疟原虫的宿主开关假说和亚洲猴间日疟原虫的起源。 我们实验室的另一项主要工作是研究与寄生虫性别分化相关的基因表达和调控。利用基因芯片和基因定位技术，我们已经确定了一个可能在配子体发育中起关键作用的基因。在基因敲除目标基因后，正在评估表型变化。我们目前正在评估该基因的功能。制备了抗配子体的单抗，并正在鉴定抗体识别的靶蛋白。这些抗体在阻断传播方面的潜力也正在测试中。

The Malaria Genomic Unit uses the malaria parasite genome databases and develops new resources to study the mechanism of drug resistance, gene regulation during parasite sexual development, and parasite population diversity and evolution. Building on progress made last year, we have now collected additional single nucleotide polymrphisms (SNPs) from genes on chromosome 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 13 and 14 of Plasmodium falciparum. To study chromosomal haplotypes, population structures, and recombination rate variation, we have also genotyped 183 SNPs on chromosome 3 from 99 worldwide isolates. This data set is being analyzed for publication. We found that recombination rate vary greatly among parasite populations and across chromosome 3. We have also finished sequencing the mitochondrial genome from 176 P. vivax isolates and 5 other primate malaria species. Our data support the hypothesis of host switches and origin of P. vivax from Asian monkeys. Another major effort of our laboratory is to study gene expression and regulation associated with the parasite sexual differentiation. We have identified a gene that may play a key role in gametocyte development using microarray and genetic mapping. Phenotypic changes are being evaluated after genetic knockout of the target gene. We are currently evaluating the function of the gene. Monoclonal antibodies against gametocyte were produced, and the target proteins recognized by the antibodies are being identified. The potential of the antibodies in blocking transmission are also being tested.