Country, calypso or carimbó? The role of cultural value shifts in advancing Amazonian deforestation frontiers

这个跨学科的项目解决了如何减少热带森林砍伐的棘手问题。目前的战略，如降排+是失败的，植根于理性经济决策的假设。然而，新兴的研究强调了环境问题的社会文化根源和解决途径（例如Chan et al. 2020，People & Nature）。人们越来越认识到，了解人们的环境价值观是实现可持续发展和减少生物多样性丧失的核心。肯达尔和雷蒙德（2019年，可持续发展科学）提出了一个概念模型来理解社会生态价值变化，但这需要实证检验。有趣的是，亚马逊地区的人种学研究表明，“牛文化”（如时尚、音乐、文化活动）的传播使亚马逊人对森林的依恋程度降低，该项目旨在了解向森林砍伐前沿地区的移民是否导致当地文化价值观的转变和森林砍伐的增加。它解决了三个问题：（1）牛牧场主的移民是否导致亚马逊人口的文化价值观转变？(2)文化价值观的转变会加速森林砍伐吗？(3)亚马逊地区是否存在生态文化临界点（参见Fernán-Giménez et al. 2017，Anthropocene），导致或跟随快速的环境变化？

This inter-disciplinary project addresses the intractable problem of how to reduce tropical deforestation. Current strategies such as REDD+ are failing and rooted in assumptions of rational economic decision-making. However, emerging research highlights the socio-cultural roots of environmental problems and solution pathways (e.g. Chan et al. 2020, People & Nature). Understanding people's environmental values is increasingly recognised as central to achieving sustainability and reducing biodiversity loss. Kendal & Raymond (2019, Sustainability Science) propose a conceptual model for understanding social-ecological value change, but this requires empirical testing. Interestingly, ethnographic work in Amazonia suggests that diffusion of 'cattle culture' (e.g. fashion, music, cultural events) causes Amazonians to become less attached to forests.This project aims to understand whether migration to deforestation frontiers leads to local cultural value shifts and increased deforestation. It addresses three questions:(1) Does in-migration of cattle-ranchers lead to cultural value shifts among Amazonian populations?(2) Do cultural value shifts accelerate deforestation?(3) Are there ecological-cultural tipping points (see Fernández-Giménez et al. 2017, Anthropocene) in Amazonia which cause or follow rapid environmental change?