The Legal and Forensic Performance of Truth: The Right to Truth Regarding Migrants' (Enforced) Disappearances

真相的法律和法证表现：了解移民（强迫）失踪真相的权利

• 批准号: 2607364
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Birkbeck, University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2607364
• 关键词: Legal; Forensic; Performance; Truth; Right

This research project seeks to investigate two intrinsically intertwined "modes" of truth production: legal processes and forensic interventions in the context of migrants' disappearances. The right to truth is explicitly addressed in testimonies of victims of enforced disappearances during Latin American dictatorships. However, this right, when attached to the legal recognition of enforced disappearances, has not been extended to disappeared migrants despite the striking similarities of lived experiences of loss and uncertainty in both, post-dictatorship and migration contexts. Truth and reconciliation commissions and courts noticed the interplay of displacement and disappearances. Yet, even after the establishment of the Myrtillini Declaration, which referred to a right to truth for migrants' disappearances, the narrow legal codification of enforced disappearances has frequently led to the exclusion of such cases. First, the research project seeks to trace understandings of temporality and history in legal processes relating to the right to truth, including its perception, mobilization and subversion by migrant communities, activists and humanitarian and legal institutions. The second part of the research explores how dynamic understandings of truth(s), grief and justice and interrelated forms of social control and legal exclusions shape notions of citizenship, legal personhood and political membership.The central research question interrogates what particular effects legal and forensic practices have on the right to truth (and its inscription of history as facts) mobilized by various actors, including humanitarian organizations, legal and forensic experts and migrant communities themselves. For this purpose, the research will look at three sets of related questions. The first part investigates how material artefacts, such as legal texts, are linked to the perception of temporality and rights. How do such artefacts constitute subjectivity through the interplay of the material object and the subject's affective investment in it? Law, as a "power to form," and juridical practices operate as a generative locus for discrete forms of truth. Laws inscribe and contain temporalities, which material and structural conditions of past violations exceed. The right to truth, in its collective dimension, refers to the construction of a specific entanglement of shared stories and associated imaginaries and myths of (usually national, that are territorially bounded) communities.Thus, the second stage of the inquiry analyses how the fact that the collective narrative of migrants is deterritorialized and dehistoricized impacts the right to truth. Circumstances of migrants' disappearances appear to be sidelined to an exclusively humanitarian mandate, which shapes postcolonial politics through processes of depoliticization and discourses of compassion. Migrants, crossing borders, are relegated to the margins of their "inalienable" rights - a fact that illustrates the myopia of the legal in the reign of national sovereignty. Hence, the third phase will explore how this national bias and the simultaneous humanitarian administration of migrant disappearances interacts with the right to truth inscribing particular understandings of citizenship, legal personhood, and political membership into the Law

该研究项目旨在调查两种内在交织的真相产生“模式”：移民失踪背景下的法律的程序和法医干预。在拉丁美洲访问期间强迫失踪受害者的证词中明确提到了了解真相的权利。然而，这一权利虽然附于强迫失踪的法律的承认，但并没有延伸到失踪的移民，尽管在独裁统治后和移民背景下，失去和不确定的生活经历有着惊人的相似之处。真相与和解委员会和法院注意到流离失所与失踪之间的相互作用。然而，即使在《Myrtillini宣言》确立之后-该宣言提到了解移徙者失踪真相的权利-强迫失踪的狭义法律的编纂往往导致将这类案件排除在外。首先，该研究项目力求追溯与了解真相权有关的法律的进程中对时间性和历史性的理解，包括移民社区、活动家以及人道主义和法律的机构对了解真相权的认识、动员和颠覆。研究的第二部分探讨了对真相、悲伤和正义的动态理解以及相互关联的社会控制和法律的排斥形式如何塑造公民身份、法律的人格和政治成员的概念，中心研究问题是询问法律的和法医实践对了解真相的权利有哪些具体影响（以及它将历史作为事实的记载），包括人道主义组织、法律的和法医专家以及移民社区本身。为此，本研究将探讨三组相关问题。第一部分调查物质人工制品，如法律的文本，是如何与时间性和权利的看法。这些人工制品是如何通过物质对象和主体对它的情感投入的相互作用来构成主观性的？法律，作为一种“形成的力量”，和司法实践作为离散形式的真理的生成轨迹而运作。法律规定并包含时间性，而过去的侵权行为的物质和结构条件超过了时间性。了解真相的权利，在其集体层面上，是指共同的故事和相关的故事和（通常是国家的，有领土限制的）社区的神话的具体纠缠的构建，因此，调查的第二阶段分析了移民的集体叙述被去地域化和去历史化这一事实如何影响了解真相的权利。移民失踪的情况似乎被排除在纯粹的人道主义任务之外，这种任务通过非政治化进程和同情话语塑造了后殖民政治。跨越边界的移民被置于其“不可剥夺”权利的边缘--这一事实说明了国家主权统治下的法律的短视。因此，第三阶段将探讨这种民族偏见和同时对移徙者失踪进行人道主义管理如何与了解真相权相互作用，将对公民身份、法律的人格和政治成员的特定理解写入法律