Embodying Antifascism: Military Culture and Military Identity in the Spanish Republican Army during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)

体现反法西斯主义：西班牙内战期间（1936-1939）西班牙共和军的军事文化和军事身份

• 批准号: 2608286
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2608286
• 关键词: Embodying; Antifascism; Military; Culture; Identity

This project examines the efforts to form a radically new military culture within the Popular Army during the Spanish Civil War. Specifically, it will examine how (and with what results) the Republican faction attempted to construct a military culture and, with it, new categories of military identity rooted in the progressive political ideals of the Popular Front and the liberal traditions of the pre-war Republican military. It asks how such an ambitious cultural project was constructed from, and negotiated between, the constituent parties of the Popular Front, professional Republican military officers, and Republican civil society more broadly. On a lower level, it addresses whether these new conceptions of military identity (which entailed radically new conceptions of masculinity and citizenship) were co-opted and/or contested by Republican soldiers and asks how compatible this project was with alternative communal identities, such as regional origin, political affiliation, and primary group loyalty. These soldiers constitute one of the largest and, paradoxically, most poorly understood communities of the conflict. Rather than submerging these individuals within broader processes of state mobilisation and political infighting (as in much of the historiography) this project centres upon their voices, relationships, and agency and how these served to constitute a multiplicity of identities and cultures within the Republican Zone. In so doing, it will provide a nuanced image of the Civil War front-line beyond the simplistic dichotomy of idealistic volunteers and indifferent conscripts and demonstrate how ordinary Spaniards engaged with the much wider project of Republican state reconstruction. This will serve to challenge overly narrow conceptions of soldiering and militarism, demonstrating how such ideas have been culturally constructed and contested (particularly in revolutionary and post-revolutionary societies, such as the wartime Spanish Republic) producing new understandings of proper masculine behaviour and the importance of military service in society.

本项目考察了西班牙内战期间人民军内部形成一种全新军事文化的努力。具体来说，它将研究如何（以及结果）共和党派系试图构建一个军事文化，并与它，新类别的军事身份植根于人民阵线的进步政治理想和战前共和党军队的自由传统。它询问了这样一个雄心勃勃的文化项目是如何从人民阵线的组成政党、专业的共和党军官和更广泛的共和党公民社会中构建出来的，以及在这些政党之间进行谈判的。在一个较低的水平上，它解决了这些新的军事身份的概念（这需要从根本上新的男性气概和公民身份的概念）是增选和/或有争议的共和党士兵，并询问如何兼容这个项目是与其他社区的身份，如地区出身，政治派别，和主要群体的忠诚度。这些士兵是冲突中最大的群体之一，但矛盾的是，他们也是最不为人所知的群体。与其将这些人淹没在更广泛的国家动员和政治内斗过程中（如大多数历史编纂中），这个项目的中心是他们的声音，关系和代理，以及这些如何在共和区内构成多重身份和文化。通过这样做，它将提供一个微妙的形象，内战前线超越了简单的二分法的理想主义志愿者和冷漠的义务兵，并展示了普通西班牙人如何参与更广泛的项目共和国国家重建。这将有助于挑战过于狭隘的男性行为和军国主义概念，展示这些想法是如何在文化上构建和争论的（特别是在革命和革命后的社会，如战时的西班牙共和国），从而对适当的男性行为和兵役在社会中的重要性产生新的理解。