Quantifying kelp detrital pathways: what is potentially locked away as Blue Carbon?
量化海带碎屑路径:什么可能被锁定为蓝碳?
基本信息
- 批准号:2608639
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2021 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Kelp forests have some of the highest plant production rates globally of between 460 g C m2 yr to 3000 g C m2 yr per unit area [1] and are important for the biodiversity of our coastal systems. It has been estimated that 80% of the biomass produced by kelp systems is exported to shallow- and deep-water systems primarily as detrital material [2]. Yet very little is known of the dynamics of the detrital pathway [3], in particular, the rate of breakdown of the material into decreasing size fractions and the effect of this on particle transport and remineralization rates in situ. This information is of significance when determining the proportion of the detrital carbon that will be remineralised, releasing CO2 into the coastal waters and what is potentially exported to the sediments to be locked away as blue-carbon. The aim of this interdisciplinary PhD is to determine the rate of kelp biomass breakdown under varying environmental conditions such as hydrodynamics (waves vs current velocity), temperature, and light using both laboratory and field experimental approaches. Additionally, the biogeochemical dynamics of kelp from senescence and shedding will be elucidated through field-based sampling to determine how these processes affect the production and composition of the dissolved organic carbon and particulate organic carbon pools are broken down further by invertebrates in coastal and shelf seas.The PhD candidate would be based at Queen's Marine Laboratory (QML) in Portaferry, Northern Ireland where QML's facilities are comprised of indoor and outdoor aquarium facilities with running seawater as well as being close to field locations. The candidate would work closely alongside Dr Louise Kregting (QUB), a phycologist with expertise in productivity and eco-physiology macroalgae merged with biophysical interactions, Prof Jamie Dick (QUB) who will provide expertise on biological breakdown processes by, for example, herbivorous and detritivorous crustaceans, which can contribute immensely to conversion of course to fine particulate organic matter, Prof Ursula Witte (UoA), a biological oceanographer with expertise on experimental methods to elucidate and trace the early diagenesis of carbon fundamental to understanding how kelp-derived organic matter is preserved in marine sediments and Dr William Hunter (AFBI, NI) who's expertise is in marine biogeochemistry, with a specific interest in how environmental changes affects carbon and nutrient cycling. The research would provide training in a wide range of areas including chemical, physical, and biological processes that govern the detrital pathway. Full training will be given to the student, however, a background in marine biology, quantitative ecology, data analysis, and water chemistry with an appreciation of coastal fluid dynamics and biophysical interactions will be desirable.
海带森林的植物生产力在全球名列前茅,每单位面积在460g C m2年至3000 g C m2年之间[1],对我们沿海系统的生物多样性很重要。据估计,海带系统产生的生物质有80%主要作为碎屑材料出口到浅水和深水系统[2]。然而,人们对碎屑路径的动力学[3]知之甚少,特别是材料分解成尺寸减小的部分的速度,以及这对颗粒传输和原位再矿化速度的影响。这些信息在确定碎屑碳将被重新矿化的比例时具有重要意义,这些碎屑碳将释放到沿海水域,以及哪些可能被出口到沉积物中以蓝碳的形式被锁定。这一跨学科博士学位的目的是利用实验室和野外实验方法,确定不同环境条件下海带生物量的分解率,如水动力(波速与流速)、温度和光照。此外,海带衰老和脱落的生物地球化学动态将通过实地采样来阐明,以确定这些过程如何影响溶解有机碳的产生和组成,以及沿海和陆架海域的无脊椎动物进一步分解颗粒有机碳库。博士候选人将在北爱尔兰波塔费里的女王海洋实验室(QML)工作,该实验室的设施包括室内和室外水族馆设施,具有流动的海水,并且靠近野外地点。候选人将与路易丝·克雷丁博士(QUB)、Jamie Dick教授(QUB)和William Hunter博士(UoA)密切合作,前者是一位在生产力和生态生理学与生物物理相互作用方面具有专长的植物学家,后者将提供关于例如草食和有害甲壳类生物分解过程的专业知识,这对将课程转化为细颗粒状有机物做出了巨大贡献;Ursula Witte教授(UoA)是一位生物海洋学家,其专业知识是实验方法,以阐明和追踪碳的早期成岩作用,这对于了解海藻衍生的有机物质是如何保存在海洋沉积物中至关重要的;以及William Hunter博士(AFBI,NI),他的专业知识是海洋生物地球化学对环境变化如何影响碳循环和养分循环特别感兴趣。这项研究将在广泛的领域提供培训,包括控制碎屑途径的化学、物理和生物过程。学生将接受全面的培训,但需要有海洋生物学、数量生态学、数据分析和水化学方面的背景知识,并了解海岸流体动力学和生物物理相互作用。
项目成果
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