Cardiac Risk in Obese African-American Adolescents

肥胖非洲裔美国青少年的心脏风险

• 批准号: 6898612
• 负责人: PATRICIA A COWAN
• 金额: $ 21.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-09 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6898612
• 关键词: African American; adolescence (12-20); body composition; body physical activity; cardiovascular disorder risk; clinical research; diet; glucose tolerance; human subject; insulin sensitivity /resistance; obesity; physical fitness

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of childhood obesity has doubled in the last 20 years, with African-African (AA) adolescents being almost twice as likely to be affected as Caucasians. Obesity is a risk factor for a myriad of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), with an estimated $92.6 billion dollars spent nationally on obesity. The disease burden engendered by obesity disproportionately affects minorities. Its harmful sequelae are not limited to adulthood, with some overweight youth exhibiting cardiovascular (CVR) factors and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Our preliminary data suggest that severity of overweight increases CVR factors and risk of glucose intolerance in AA adolescents; however, not all overweight AA adolescents exhibit CVR factors or glucose intolerance, suggesting that additional factors mediate the consequences of obesity. This cross-sectional, exploratory study assesses five interrelated factors (overweight severity and distribution, insulin resistance, cardiorespiratory fitness, diet, and family history) to determine predictors of cardiovascular risk and glucose intolerance in overweight AA adolescents. We will incorporate emerging CVR factors [Creative protein (CRP), plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), fibrinogen, and homocysteine level, lipoprotein a, and lipoprotein size], as well as established CVR factors [standard lipid profile, diabetes status determined during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), resting blood pressure, and smoking status] to develop a CVR profile of 100 overweight AA adolescents. The predictive value of self-reported measures of physical activity vs. cardiorespiratory fitness and fasting vs. dynamic OGTT-derived indices of insulin resistance will also be examined. The association of independent variables with measures of glucose metabolism and the CVR profile will be examined using Kendall's Tau. Prediction models, adjusted for gender and Tanner stage, will be developed from the list of independent variables for glucose intolerance and the CVR profile. This study will elucidate predictors of CVR and glucose intolerance in overweight AA adolescents, aid clinicians in transforming research findings into clinical guidelines for assessment of overweight AA youth, and provide further direction for development of interventions to mitigate the complications of obesity. Future studies will incorporate genotyping as well as predictors identified in the current study to predict risk in a multiethnic population, and include longitudinal follow-up of participants to track changes in CVR. Our long-term goal is to develop targeted interventions based on variables identified in this exploratory study tomitigate the consequences of obesity and prevents development of CVD and T2DM in youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童肥胖的患病率在过去20年中翻了一番，非洲-非洲（AA）青少年几乎是高加索人的两倍。肥胖是许多慢性疾病的风险因素，包括心血管疾病（CVD），据估计，全国在肥胖上花费了926亿美元。肥胖造成的疾病负担对少数民族的影响尤为严重。其有害的后遗症并不局限于成年期，一些超重的年轻人表现出心血管（CVR）因素和2型糖尿病（T2DM）。我们的初步数据表明，超重的严重程度增加了AA青少年的CVR因素和葡萄糖耐受不良的风险；然而，并非所有超重的AA青少年都表现出CVR因素或葡萄糖耐受不良，这表明其他因素介导了肥胖的后果。本横断面探索性研究评估了五个相关因素（超重严重程度和分布、胰岛素抵抗、心肺健康、饮食和家族史），以确定超重AA青少年心血管风险和葡萄糖耐受不良的预测因素。我们将纳入新出现的CVR因素[创造蛋白（CRP）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1型（PAI-1）、纤维蛋白原和同型半胱氨酸水平、脂蛋白a和脂蛋白大小]，以及已建立的CVR因素[标准血脂、口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）中确定的糖尿病状态、静息血压和吸烟状况]，以建立100名超重AA青少年的CVR档案。自我报告的体力活动与心肺健康、空腹与ogtt衍生的胰岛素抵抗指数的预测价值也将被检验。自变量与葡萄糖代谢测量和CVR概况的关联将使用肯德尔Tau检验。预测模型，根据性别和Tanner分期进行调整，将从葡萄糖耐受不良和CVR概况的自变量列表中开发。

项目成果

Assessing the risk of impaired glucose metabolism in overweight adolescents in a clinical setting.

在临床环境中评估超重青少年葡萄糖代谢受损的风险。

• DOI: 10.1007/bf03028625
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: The journal of nutrition, health & aging
• 作者: Velasquez-Mieyer,PA;Cowan,PA;Neira,CP;Tylavsky,F
• 通讯作者: Tylavsky,F

Calcium intake and body composition in African-American children and adolescents at risk for overweight and obesity.

有超重和肥胖风险的非裔美国儿童和青少年的钙摄入量和身体成分。

• DOI: 10.3390/nu2090950
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Nutrients
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Tylavsky,FrancesA;Cowan,PatriciaA;Terrell,Sarah;Hutson,Merschon;Velasquez-Mieyer,Pedro
• 通讯作者: Velasquez-Mieyer,Pedro