Effects of Invasive Non-Native Species within ecological networks and consequences for ecosystem function

生态网络中外来入侵物种的影响及其对生态系统功能的影响

• 批准号: 2620848
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Stirling
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2620848
• 关键词: Effects; Invasive; Non; Native; Species

Invasive Non-Native Species (INNS) are considered a major driver of biodiversityloss. There is increasing empirical evidence of the direct and indirect effects ofinvasive non-native species on biodiversity but the scale of such studies is oftenlimited. We propose to extend invasion models to encompass ecological networksand explore the hypothesis that invasive non-native species weaken the strength ofinteractions within ecological networks with negative consequences for ecosystemfunction. Most studies on the impacts of invasions focus on the impacts of onespecies on another and are limited to the population-level, thereby avoiding thecomplexities of a community approach whereby assemblages of species would beincluded. Oversimplified studies could result in misleading conclusions because ofthe importance of positive and negative feedback mechanisms, for example thosemediated by parasites, throughout communities and consequently resultant effectson the functions they deliver. There is considerable scope to improve understandingby taking a network approach to unravelling impacts of invasive non-native speciesand so enhance predictions of impact and community resilience so informingdecision-making tools such as risk assessments.Using modelling approaches to explore ecological networks the student will addressquestions including:In what ways do the strength of interactions change within ecological networksincluding invasive non-native species?How do such changes effect ecosystem function?What is the relevance to ecosystem services approaches and Nature'sContributions to People (as defined by the Intergovernmental Science-PolicyPlatform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services)?The student will work alongside ecologists with expertise in compiling and analysinglarge datasets within the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and the University ofStirling. The Non-Native Species Secretariat will provide policy and communicationcontext. The student will have access to large-scale and long-term datasets oninvasive non-native species alongside long-term monitoring time series from acrossthe globe for terrestrial and freshwater systems and other relevant data layers(including climate and land-use) to explore interactions among drivers of change.The student will build a database of ecological interactions using life-history traitsand occurrence datasets to underpin analysis on ecological networks to exploreeffects of invasive non-native species on ecosystem function and resilience.The studentship, although within the Biodiversity Science Area, will span otherscience areas including Hydro-Climate Risks. This project will develop and applyanalytical techniques to address NERC goals of understanding and predicting howour planet works and managing our environment responsibly.

入侵非本地物种（INNS）被认为是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动力。有越来越多的经验证据表明，外来入侵物种对生物多样性的直接和间接影响，但这种研究的规模往往是有限的.我们建议将入侵模型扩展到包括生态网络，并探讨入侵的非本地物种削弱生态网络内相互作用的强度，对生态系统功能产生负面影响的假设。大多数关于入侵影响的研究都集中在一个物种对另一个物种的影响上，并且仅限于种群水平，从而避免了群落方法的复杂性，因为群落方法将包括物种的集合。过于简化的研究可能会导致误导性的结论，因为积极和消极的反馈机制的重要性，例如那些由寄生虫介导的，在整个社区，从而对他们提供的功能产生影响。有相当大的空间，以提高understandingby采取网络的方法来解开入侵的非本地物种的影响，从而提高预测的影响和社区的弹性，从而告知决策工具，如风险assessment.Using建模方法来探索生态网络，学生将解决的问题，包括：在什么方式做的相互作用的强度变化在生态网络，包括入侵的非本地物种？这些变化如何影响生态系统的功能？与生态系统服务方法和“自然对人类的贡献”（如生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台所界定的）有何相关性？学生将与生态学家一起工作，在生态与水文中心和斯特灵大学内汇编和分析大型数据集。非本地物种秘书处将提供政策和沟通背景。学生将有机会获得大规模和长期的数据集对入侵的非本地物种以及长期监测时间序列从整个地球仪的陆地和淡水系统和其他相关的数据层（包括气候和土地利用），探索变化驱动因素之间的相互作用。学生将建立一个生态相互作用的数据库，使用生命-历史特征和发生数据集，以支持对生态网络的分析，以探索入侵的非本地物种对生态系统功能和恢复力的影响。该学生奖学金，虽然在生物多样性科学领域，将跨越其他科学领域，包括水文气候风险。该项目将开发和应用分析技术，以实现NERC的目标，即理解和预测我们的地球如何运作，并负责任地管理我们的环境。