Family Support and Rapid Social Change in South Africa

描述(由申请者提供)：该项目汇集了来自美国和南非的研究人员，分析南非家庭支持和代际转移的模式。南非为分析快速社会变革环境下公共方案和私人转让之间的相互作用提供了独特的环境。种族隔离后的南非是一个非白人人口的机会迅速扩大，同时也面临巨大挑战的社会。由于严重的失业问题和艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病的迅速增长，快速的社会变革并没有缓解许多南非家庭面临的日常生存压力。鉴于高失业率、艾滋病毒/艾滋病对劳动年龄人口的影响，以及以广泛的国家养老金政策为主的福利政策，南非的家庭支助结构异常复杂。对于许多贫困户来说，主要资源从老年人流入家庭，而劳动年龄成年人和儿童往往是资源的净消费者。在审查这些动态时，该项目将使用一些现有的数据集，包括国家收入和支出调查、全国劳动力小组和一些较小的地区调查。它将在开普敦地区小组研究的第二波中用专门设计的模块来补充这些数据集，以及在第二波之前和之后的定性和定量工作。具体目标包括：1.估计支出回归，以检验来自养恤金或子女补助金的收入是否与其他收入来源有不同的影响，以及男性和女性收到的收入转移是否存在差异影响。2.估计养恤金、子女补助金和其他收入来源对年轻人的就学和就业等结果的影响，使用关于转移收入的直接数据，并利用养恤金资格中的严重年龄不连续性。3.使用南非劳动力调查的小组数据分析就业、就学和家庭构成的转变，以及失业对其他家庭成员的就学和劳动力供应等结果的影响。4.利用开普敦地区小组研究(CAPS)分析家庭破裂和最近的负面家庭事件对青年结果的影响。5.开发、管理和分析关于家庭支助和代际转移的补充单元，以供第二波减贫方案使用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project brings together researchers from the United States and South Africa to analyze patterns of family support and intergenerational transfers in South Africa. South Africa provides a unique setting for analyzing the interaction between public programs and private transfers in an environment of rapid social change. Post-apartheid South Africa is a society undergoing a combination of rapidly expanding opportunities for the non-white population, combined with enormous challenges. With a severe unemployment problem and the rapid growth of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, rapid social change has not relieved the stresses of day-to-day survival faced by many South African families. Given the combination of high unemployment, the impact of HIV/AIDS on the working age population, and a welfare policy that is dominated by an extensive state old-age pension policy, family support structures in South Africa are unusually complex. For many poor households, major resources flow into families from the elderly, while working age adults and children are often net consumers of resources. In examining these dynamics, the project will use a number of existing data sets, including national income and expenditure surveys, a national labor force panel, and a number of smaller regional surveys. It will supplement these data sets with specifically designed modules in the second wave of the Cape Area Panel Study, along with qualitative and quantitative work before and after the second wave. Specific aims include the following: 1. Estimation of expenditure regressions to test whether income from pensions or child grants has a different impact than other sources of income, and whether there is a differential effect of income transfers received by men versus women. 2. Estimation of the impact of pensions, child grants, and other sources of income, on outcomes such as schooling and employment of young people, using both direct data on transfer income and using the strong age discontinuities in pension eligibility. 3. Use of panel data from the South African Labour Force Survey to analyze transitions in employment, schooling, and household composition, and the impact of job loss on outcomes such as the schooling and labor supply of other household members. 4. Use of the Cape Area Panel Study (CAPS) to analyze the effects of family disruption and recent negative household events on youth outcomes. 5. Development, administration, and analysis of a supplemental module on family support and intergenerational transfers for CAPS Wave 2.