Volcanism, Sedimentation, and Hydrothermal activity in Santorini, Greece

火山弧对社会的影响非常重要，因为它们通常人口稠密，因此风险很高（Sigurdsson，2015）。圣托里尼被认为是世界上最暴力和最着名的火山之一（Varnavas和Papavasiliou，2020）。它是爱琴海希腊火山弧最活跃的热液中心。弧的中部和东部地区的特点是具有破火山口结构的大型成层火山（圣托里尼岛），而西部地区主要是小型的单成因喷发中心。俯冲和伸展都发生在弧中，由此相关的火山活动被认为是由爱琴海微板块下方的非洲岩石圈俯冲造成的（Varnavas和Papavasiliou，2020）。虽然活动被认为是在上新世晚期开始的，但大部分是第四纪的（Druitt等人，1999).圣托里尼岛有一个由多次坍塌事件造成的破火山口结构，其中之一是著名的米诺斯火山爆发。公元前1650年，火山灰覆盖了邻近的土地，并引发了海啸。两个火山岛，Palea Kameni和Nea Kameni（Kameni群岛），在公元前197年至公元1950年之间在破火山口的中间逐渐形成（Tarchini等人，2019年）。圣托里尼岩浆的范围从玄武质到流纹岩和岩浆混合的证据是常见的，因为[是这种情况（？）]对于许多弧岩浆系统（Druitt等人，2019年）。

Volcanic arcs are very important in terms of their impact on society since they are usually densely populated and thus pose a high risk (Sigurdsson, 2015). Santorini is considered one of the most violent and famous volcanoes in the world (Varnavas and Papavasiliou, 2020). It is the most active hydrothermal centre of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc in the Aegean Sea. The central and eastern sectors of the arc are characterized by large stratovolcanoes with caldera structures (Santorini) whilst the western part has mainly small, monogenic eruptive centres. Both subduction and extension occurs in the arc whereby the associated volcanism is thought to result from the subduction of the African lithosphere beneath the Aegean microplate (Varnavas and Papavasiliou, 2020). Though activity is considered to have begun in the late Pliocene, most of it is Quaternary (Druitt et al., 1999).Santorini has a caldera structure created by multiple collapse events, one of which is the famous so-called Minoan eruption of ca. 1650 BCE, which covered neighbouring lands with thick tephra and caused tsunamis. Two volcanic islets, Palea Kameni and Nea Kameni (the Kameni Islands), were progressively formed in the middle of the caldera between 197 BCE and 1950 CE (Tarchini et al., 2019). Santorini magmas range from basaltic to rhyolitic and evidence of magma mixing is common, as [is the case(?)] for many arc magma systems (Druitt et al., 2019).