The depredation process: Quantifying the mechanisms leading to carnivores encountering, attacking, and killing livestock

掠夺过程：量化导致食肉动物遭遇、攻击和杀死牲畜的机制

• 批准号: 2696828
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2696828
• 关键词: depredation; process; Quantifying; mechanisms; leading

Throughout the global range of most terrestrial carnivores, conflict commonly occurs with humans due to lethal attacks of livestock, known as livestock depredation, by carnivores. This can result in retaliatory killings of carnivores by affected livestock owners, thus leading not only to economic loss among pastoral communities, but also to rapid carnivore declines. Global hotspots of human-carnivore conflict occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, where financial loss for pastoralists and carnivore declines are of particular concern. Indeed, a recent study estimated that across the range of the lion (Panthera leo), the depredation of a single cattle calf would represent an average loss of 59% of annual per capita income. Moreover, the most recent IUCN assessments for the lion, the leopard (Panthera pardus), the striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena), the brown hyena (Parahyaena brunnea), and the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) all state that one of the primary causes of decline is direct killing due to conflict with humans.

在全球范围内的大多数陆生食肉动物中，由于食肉动物对牲畜的致命攻击（称为牲畜掠夺），经常发生与人类的冲突。这可能导致受影响的牲畜所有者报复性地杀害食肉动物，从而不仅导致牧民社区的经济损失，而且导致食肉动物迅速减少。人类-食肉动物冲突的全球热点发生在撒哈拉以南非洲，牧民的经济损失和食肉动物的减少特别令人担忧。事实上，最近的一项研究估计，在狮子（Panthera leo）的分布范围内，掠夺一头小牛将意味着平均每年人均收入的59%。此外，世界自然保护联盟最近对狮子、豹（Panthera pardus）、条纹鬣狗（Hyaena hyaena）、棕色鬣狗（Parahyaena brunnea）和非洲野狗（Lycaon pictus）的评估都指出，减少的主要原因之一是由于与人类的冲突而导致的直接杀戮。