Modelling an Occupation: Exploring Points of Contact Between Authorities and Islanders on the Nazi-Occupied Channel Islands

“这是德国的命令，不是我的，所以你可以在上面签字，盖上国防军的印章。我会确保他们遵守“（海瑟薇，1961年，第146页）。第二次世界大战期间，最小的海峡岛屿萨克岛的领导人西雅尔夫人海瑟薇所说的这些话，表明了历史学家在她与德国占领者打交道时，时而将其解读为抵抗，时而将其解读为消极合作。虽然这个博士项目将研究在1940年至1945年之间的海峡群岛纳粹占领的抵抗和合作的情况下，它将取代这些简化的类别，以研究什么海瑟薇体现在这句话：控制群岛的不同力量之间的接触点，在论文中首次从英国和德国的角度考虑。在此期间，岛上有三股主要力量：德国当局，包括驻扎在那里的人和从柏林发出命令的人;岛屿当局，他们本身在泽西岛、根西岛和萨克岛等主要岛屿上各不相同;以及岛民本身。除此之外，还必须考虑到英国当局在远处观望，对岛屿当局和岛民施加心理压力。该项目将评估岛上不同形式的权力和管辖权之间复杂和模糊的时刻和接触点，以分析这些冲突和谈判如何影响占领的性质和普通岛民的生活。通过对世俗和例外的关注，本文超越了史学中现有的二分法，通过对经济、社会和政治联系点的考察，特别关注被忽视的社会历史，即普通平民在占领下感受到的生活现实。重点是两个时间段：这不仅是占领时期的历史，也是群岛、博物馆、大众文化和历史学中对这一时期的现代纪念。这个项目的重点接触点将引入细微差别，以减少代表机构和受害者在这样的纪念。这一点尤其重要，因为关于这一主题的传统史学福尔斯了对立的阵营。第一种，广泛的英国大陆和欧洲，指责和谴责群岛'所谓的'容易'和合作的占领。这种方法被马德琳·邦廷（Madeleine Bunting）等历史学家推广，他提出了合作“模式”的想法

'These are German orders and not mine, so you can sign them and affix the Wehrmacht stamp... I will see that they are obeyed' (Hathaway, 1961, p. 146). These words, spoken by Dame Sibyl Hathaway, the leader of Sark, the smallest Channel Island, during the Second World War, demonstrate what has been read alternately as resistance or passive collaboration by historians in her dealings with the German occupiers. Whilst this PhD project will examine instances of resistance and collaboration during the Nazi occupation of the Channel Islands between 1940-1945, it will supersede these reductive categories to examine what Hathaway embodied in this quote: the points of contact between different forces controlling the Islands, considered in the thesis for the first time from both British and German perspectives. During this period, there were three primary forces on the Islands: German authorities, both those stationed there and those sending commands from Berlin; island authorities, which themselves differed across the main islands of Jersey, Guernsey, and Sark; and islanders themselves. Adding to this, one must also consider the British authorities watching from afar, exerting psychological pressure on island authorities and islanders. This project will assess the complex and ambiguous moments and points of contact between different forms of authority and jurisdiction on the Islands to analyse how these conflicts and negotiations affected the nature of occupation and the lives of ordinary islanders. By being concerned with the mundane as well as the exceptional, the thesis goes beyond the existing dichotomies in the historiography through examination of the economic, social, and political points of contact, with particular focus on the somewhat neglected social history, that is, the realities of life under occupation felt by ordinary civilians.The focus is on two time periods: the period of occupation but also modern-day memorialisations of this period on the Islands, in museums, popular culture and in historiography. This project's emphasis on points of contact will introduce nuance to the reductive representations of agency and victimhood in such memorialisations. This is especially important since traditional historiography on this topic falls into oppositional camps. The first, broadly of mainland Britain and Europe, accuses and condemns the Islands' supposed 'easy' and collaborative occupation. This approach was popularised by historians such as Madeleine Bunting who promoted the idea of a collaborative 'model