Por Estas Calles de Interseccio'n: Representing Venezuela's Refugee Crisis (1999 to the Present)

Por Estas Calles de Interseccion：代表委内瑞拉难民危机（1999 年至今）

• 批准号: 2713065
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2713065
• 关键词: Por; Estas; Calles; de; Interseccio

The Venezuelan exodus is now the second largest refugee crisis in the world (UNHCR, 2020). Yet, the available scholarship on the topic is very limited. Further, while the few critical studies that do exist-Troconis (2021), Lo'pez (2021) and Carrenno (2013)-can help to establish some characteristics of the diasporic political discourse, they rely heavily in their corpus on art and literature produced by a well-educated exile elite and their antagonistic attitudes towards the Chavista revolution. Studies on the Venezuelan migration have therefore failed to recognise complex cultural and political aspects into which the Chavista phenomenon have grown, as well as intersectional issues within the migration. Moreover, such analyses have generally failed to connect the Venezuelan experience with similar refugee crises-Iran, Syria-and global questions around citizenship and belonging. In contrast, this study will acknowledge gender, social and racial issues and include representations from outwith the canonical spaces of fine art and literature to reveal transnational ties beyond the debate around the revolution. Also, this thesis will contextualise the Venezuelan phenomenon within broader debates around migrant representation and refugee justice. What do representations of the Venezuelan migration tell us about Latin American politics and culture? What can these representations reveal about racialised attitudes towards migrants in Latin America and beyond? This interdisciplinary project, drawing on literature, aesthetics and digital culture, will analyse representations of the Venezuelan migration to identify diasporic narratives and reveal intersectional issues within the refugee crisis. Starting with a contextualisation of the exodus and then an examination of the manifestations produced by the Venezuelan exile elite, this study will later analyse the image of the caminante, particularly caminante women, who are usually depicted in melodramatic terms. Finally, the study will culminate with an exploration of queer subjectivity in Venezuelan digital culture in contrast to the binary dynamics present in representations of caminante women against the hypermasculinity of Cha'vez. This thesis will draw on Taylor's (2003) work, who offers methodological insights into the interdisciplinary analysis of performance, melodrama and art in Latin America, Mahieux's (2011) work on the Latin American genre of chronicle, and Clifford (1994), Gilroy (1993), and Bauboock & Faist's (2010) non-essentialist approaches to diaspora studies. By challenging social, racial and gender assumptions, this thesis will pave a wide, non-reductive path for future studies on the Venezuelan exodus and other migration crises. Similarly, by connecting the Venezuelan experience to other migratory phenomena, it will challenge Orientalist assumptions around refugee crises and asylum seekers. This research will therefore be relevant to anyone interested in migration studies, representation and intersectional issues; both within and outside the context of Latin American studies. Further, the here- proposed analysis could inform curatorial outputs around Venezuelan art and literature, and social engagement projects in the context of migrant communities; areas where I have strong professional connections and experience. Moreover, since very few of the studies on Venezuela have been produced in the UK, this project could cement the basis for better academic, political and cultural understanding of Venezuela in the UK.

委内瑞拉的逃亡现在是世界第二大难民危机（联合国难民署，2020）。然而，有关该主题的可用奖学金非常有限。此外，虽然确实存在的少数批判性研究——特罗科尼斯（Troconis，2021）、洛佩斯（Lo’pez，2021）和卡伦诺（Carrenno，2013）——可以帮助确定流散政治话语的一些特征，但它们在语料库中严重依赖受过良好教育的流亡精英创作的艺术和文学以及他们对查韦斯主义革命的敌对态度。因此，对委内瑞拉移民的研究未能认识到查韦斯主义现象所产生的复杂的文化和政治方面，以及移民中的交叉问题。此外，此类分析通常未能将委内瑞拉的经历与类似的难民危机（伊朗、叙利亚）以及围绕公民身份和归属感的全球问题联系起来。相比之下，这项研究将承认性别、社会和种族问题，并包括来自美术和文学规范空间之外的表现，以揭示围绕革命的辩论之外的跨国联系。此外，本文还将委内瑞拉现象置于围绕移民代表和难民正义的更广泛辩论中。委内瑞拉移民的表现告诉我们有关拉丁美洲政治和文化的什么信息？这些陈述可以揭示拉丁美洲及其他地区对移民的种族化态度吗？这个跨学科项目利用文学、美学和数字文化，将分析委内瑞拉移民的表现，以识别流散叙事并揭示难民危机中的交叉问题。本研究首先对逃亡的背景进行分析，然后考察委内瑞拉流亡精英所产生的表现，随后将分析卡米南特的形象，特别是通常以夸张的方式描绘的卡米南特女性的形象。最后，该研究将以探索委内瑞拉数字文化中的酷儿主体性与卡米南特女性代表中存在的二元动态对比查韦斯的超男性气质而告终。本论文将借鉴泰勒（Taylor，2003）的著作（他对拉丁美洲的表演、情节剧和艺术的跨学科分析提供了方法论见解）、马希厄克斯（Mahieux，2011）关于拉丁美洲编年史类型的著作，以及克利福德（Clifford，1994）、吉尔罗伊（Gilroy，1993）和 Bauboock & Faist（2010）对侨民研究的非本质主义方法。通过挑战社会、种族和性别假设，本论文将为未来关于委内瑞拉逃亡和其他移民危机的研究铺平一条广泛的、非还原性的道路。同样，通过将委内瑞拉的经历与其他移民现象联系起来，它将挑战东方主义关于难民危机和寻求庇护者的假设。因此，这项研究将与任何对移民研究、代表性和交叉问题感兴趣的人相关；拉丁美洲研究的范围之内和之外。此外，本文提出的分析可以为围绕委内瑞拉艺术和文学以及移民社区背景下的社会参与项目的策展产出提供信息；我在哪些领域拥有强大的专业关系和经验。此外，由于英国对委内瑞拉的研究很少，因此该项目可以为英国更好地了解委内瑞拉的学术、政治和文化奠定基础。