Modelling the effectiveness of antibiotic mass administration in acute humanitarian crises

模拟急性人道主义危机中抗生素大规模施用的有效性

• 批准号: 2734700
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2734700
• 关键词: Modelling; effectiveness; antibiotic; mass; administration

TBCPneumonia is the single largest infectious cause of death in children worldwide, particularly in humanitarian emergencies. Recently, the WHO recommended Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of Azithromycin to children in regions with high mortality but concerns regarding the potential to select for resistance have led to limited uptake. Combining MDA with pneumococcal vaccination could limit this risk and thus help reduce pneumonia mortality in crises. Working closely with collaborators at our field sites including Somaliland, the Gambia and Vietnam as well as MSF the project will see the successful applicant further the understanding of the complex interdependencies in lung health in humanitarian crises and learn and apply and range of advanced analytical techniques to estimate the benefits and risks of a combined PCV and MDA programme. These will include Bayesian statistics to estimate the preventable disease burden and mathematical modelling to estimate the dynamic effects of disease prevention and resistance acquisition following a combined MDA and pneumococcal vaccination campaign.

TBCP肺炎是全球儿童死亡的最大单一传染性原因，特别是在人道主义紧急情况下。最近，世界卫生组织建议对死亡率高地区的儿童进行大规模药物管理局（MDA）阿奇霉素，但由于担心可能产生耐药性，因此使用量有限。将 MDA 与肺炎球菌疫苗接种相结合可以限制这种风险，从而有助于降低危机中的肺炎死亡率。通过与我们在索马里兰、冈比亚和越南等现场的合作者以及无国界医生组织密切合作，该项目将使成功的申请者进一步了解人道主义危机中肺部健康复杂的相互依赖性，并学习和应用一系列先进的分析技术，以估计 PCV 和 MDA 联合计划的益处和风险。这些将包括用于估计可预防疾病负担的贝叶斯统计数据和用于估计 MDA 和肺炎球菌疫苗接种运动相结合后疾病预防和耐药性获得的动态影响的数学模型。