Sensor for Paralytic Shellfish Poisons

描述(由申请者提供)：有害的藻华，或“赤潮”，每年与许多人类中毒事件有关。截至1990年代末，渔业、公共卫生和旅游业每年的经济损失和成本估计为4000万美元。1这种赤潮会引起麻痹性贝类中毒(PSP)。在藻类大量繁殖之后，微生物释放的毒素可能会在滤食性贝类中积累，然后食用这些毒素会导致疾病症状，最严重的是呼吸瘫痪和死亡。PSP是为数不多的几种海洋毒素之一，当食用到食物中时，这些毒素可能会对人类造成致命影响。这项提议寻求资金，以开发最近报道的将PSP荧光检测成荧光检测板的技术。在第一阶段，将确定4种PSP的检测限，并将对有毒贝类提取物的荧光反应进行初步评估。这类平板将在第二阶段用于便携式设备。该项目的具体目标是：1.合成适合于共价连接到玻璃片上的荧光化学传感器。2.传感器在玻片上的自组装和共价连接，以及表面特性和涂层的评价。3.对麻黄毒素、PSP毒素和有毒贝类提取物溶液的荧光放大效果进行评价。麻痹性贝毒(PSP)最常见的途径是通过滤食性贝类转运媒介进入人类食物链。毒性最强的PSP--麻黄毒素，也是政府列出的“精选药剂”名单上仅有的3个“小分子”之一。快速、廉价的检测PSP的手段是可取的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Harmful Algal Blooms, or "HAB's", are linked to many cases of human poisoning each year. Economic losses and costs to the fishing industry, public health, and tourism are estimated to be $40,000,000 annually, as of the late 1990s. 1 such HAB causes paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Following an algal bloom, the toxins released by the microbes may accumulate in filter-feeding shellfish, consumption of which then causes disease symptoms, the most severe of which is respiratory paralysis and death. PSPs are 1 of only a few marine toxins that can be fatal to humans when consumed in food. This proposal seeks funding to develop recently reported technology for the fluorescence detection of PSPs into fluorescent detector plates. In Phase I, the limits of detection of 4 PSPs will be determined, and a preliminary evaluation of fluorescence response in toxic shellfish extracts will be conducted. Such plates will be adapted for use in a portable device in Phase II. The Specific Aims of this project are: 1. Synthesize fluorescent chemosensors suitable for covalent attachment to a glass slide. 2. Self-assembly and covalent attachment of the sensors to glass slides and evaluation of the surface properties and coating. 3. Evaluation of the fluorescence amplification to solutions of saxitoxin, PSP toxins, and toxic shellfish extracts. Paralytic Shellfish Poisons (PSPs) enter the human food chain most commonly through filter-feeding shellfish transvectors. The most toxic PSP, saxitoxin, is also 1 of only 3 "small molecules" on the government's list of "Select Agents". Fast, inexpensive means of detection PSPs is desirable.