HIV Intervention among Women at High Risk

高危女性的艾滋病毒干预

• 批准号: 7167361
• 负责人: XIUSHI YANG
• 金额: $ 22.56万
• 依托单位: OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7167361
• 关键词: AIDS /HIV test; AIDS education /prevention; China; antiviral agents; behavior modification; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; counseling; drug abuse; early /brief intervention /therapy; educational resource design /development; governmental health /scientific organization; high risk behavior /lifestyle; longitudinal human study; motivation; outcomes research; peer group; prostitution; psychosocial service; self help; sexually transmitted diseases; social support network; therapy design /development; women' s health

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a peer-led multilevel and multi-component HIV intervention among women at high risk. The main objectives are: (1) to design and implement an HIV intervention that combines individual cognitive and social influence approaches with peer education; (2) to evaluate the efficacy of such behavior intervention; and (3) to identify important mediating or moderating factors of HIV risk behavior and behavior change. With 840,000 people estimated to be infected with HIV by 2003, concerted efforts are needed to fight the AIDS epidemic in China. The danger that the epidemic can make a quick inroad to the general population through sexual transmission underscores the urgent need for more effective and sustainable HIV intervention among the target population, who are at high risk of acquiring HIV and a critical source of sexual transmission of HIV. However, few interventions have targeted women at high risk of HIV in China. The central hypothesis of the study is that, given the marginal socioeconomic status of the target population, HIV information is necessary but not sufficient for behavior change; they need to be motivated to take protective actions, be confident that they have the ability and skills to manage difficult situations, and in a social and working environment empowering of HIV behavior change. HIV intervention will be most effective if delivered in small group sessions by peers and attending to both cognitive and social processes of behavior change and cultural and gender appropriateness. This conceptualization of effective HIV behavior change will be tested and evaluated among about 712 women working in the entertainment industry. Participants will be selected through cluster-randomization sampling, in which the clusters are the entertainment establishments. All eligible women from the sampled establishments will be recruited and assigned with equal numbers to either an intervention or a control condition. Both groups will receive standard voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). But the intervention group will receive additional motivation enhancing and gender-specific empowerment skills trainings delivered by trained peer educators, augmented by peer outreach and a structural intervention component among owners of establishments to promote enabling social, normative, and working environments supportive of HIV risk reduction. The efficacy of the intervention will be evaluated through assessment of self-reported HIV risk and preventive behaviors and newly detected STIs at 3-, 6-, and 12-month post intervention between the intervention and the control groups. Findings will have far reaching implications for effective HIV prevention intervention among women at high risk in China. China's success will in turn be a key to global success in preventing the spread of HIV.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究是一项由高风险高风险的女性的同伴领导的多级和多组分HIV干预的聚类对照试验。主要目标是：（1）设计和实施将个人认知和社会影响力与同伴教育相结合的HIV干预； （2）评估这种行为干预的功效； （3）确定艾滋病毒风险行为和行为改变的重要中介或调节因素。到2003年，据估计有84万人感染了艾滋病毒，需要一致的努力来与中国的艾滋病流行作斗争。通过性传播，流行病可以使普通人群迅速加入到一般人群中的危险强调了目标人群中更有效和可持续的艾滋病毒干预措施，这些人群患HIV的高风险和HIV性传播的关键来源。但是，很少有干预措施针对中国艾滋病毒高风险的妇女。该研究的中心假设是，鉴于目标人群的边际社会经济地位，艾滋病毒信息是必要的，但不足以改变行为。他们需要动力采取保护行动，确信自己具有管理困难情况的能力和技能，并在社会和工作环境中赋予艾滋病毒行为改变能力。如果在小组会议中通过同龄人进行艾滋病毒干预措施将是最有效的，并参与了行为变化以及文化和性别适当性的认知和社会过程。在娱乐行业工作的约712名妇女中，将对有效的艾滋病毒行为改变的这种概念化进行测试和评估。参与者将通过集群随机化抽样选择，其中集群是娱乐场所。来自采样机构的所有合格妇女将被招募和分配，并分配与干预或对照条件相等的人数。两组将获得标准的自愿咨询和测试（VCT）。但是，干预小组将获得额外的动力增强和性别特定的授权技能培训，由训练有素的同伴教育者提供，并在同伴宣传方面增强，并在机构的所有者之间进行结构性干预组成部分，以促进支持艾滋病毒风险降低的社会，规范和工作环境。干预措施的疗效将通过评估自我报告的艾滋病毒风险和预防行为以及在干预组与对照组之间的3日，6和12个月的干预后进行评估。调查结果将对中国高风险的女性有效预防艾滋病毒预防干预具有很大的影响。反过来，中国的成功将是全球成功促进艾滋病毒传播的关键。