Risky Families Embedded in Risky Environments

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请要求五年 继续努力，了解维持这种状况的因素， 艾滋病毒感染率高，艾滋病毒危险行为和高发病率 波多黎各吸毒者中的艾滋病。总体研究目标是发展和 评估父母吸毒和抑郁影响的测试模型， 青少年药物使用和精神病理学，以及艾滋病毒风险行为， 以及文化、家庭/家庭外和个人的中介作用 转变和转折点的因素，这些因素定义了从早期到中期的运动， 到青春期后期吸毒（n=375）和非吸毒父母（n=375）， 他们的一个后代（n=750），13至15岁，居住在穷人 社区包括研究参与者的群体。本申请 提出了一个前瞻性的研究设计与嵌套民族志。数据将 通过多种评估策略收集：访谈协议和结构化 使用西班牙语版的诊断访谈进行精神病学访谈 用于评估物质使用/滥用的儿童时间表2.1版（DISC 2.1）， 基线和第2、3年青少年的抑郁和品行障碍 和4.西班牙版的药物滥用和抑郁量表， 综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）将评估药物滥用 在基线和第2年和第3年，父母中的抑郁症。这些诊断 数据，沿着每年对父母和青少年的采访， 与参与者的生活事件有关的重要和广泛的主题， 过渡;如学校和工作经验，药物和酒精使用/滥用， 犯罪行为，应对机制（例如，社会支持、自尊和 掌握）和抑郁症。这些数据和信息 通过我们的民族志团队进行的深入访谈收集 将提供评估青少年转变的具体信息， 特别是药物使用/滥用和艾滋病毒风险行为及其适应 从青春期早期到后期的角色。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application requests five years of funding to continue our efforts to understand the factors that are sustaining the high prevalence of HIV infection, HIV risk behaviors and high incidence of AIDS among Puerto Rican drug users. The overall study goal is to develop and test models that assess the effects of parental drug use and depression, adolescent substance use and psychopathology, as well as HIV risk behaviors, and the mediating effects of cultural, familial/ extra-familial and personal factors on transitions and turning points that define the movement from early to late adolescence. Drug using (n=375) and non-drug using parents (n=375) and one of their offspring (n=750), 13 to 15 years of age, residing in poor neighborhoods comprise the group of study participants. This application proposes a prospective study design with a nested ethnography. Data will be collected by multiple assessment strategies: interview protocols and structured psychiatric interviews using the Spanish version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.1 (DISC 2.1) to assess substance use/ abuse, depression and conduct disorders among adolescents at baseline and in year 2, 3 and 4. The Spanish version of the substance abuse and depression scales of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) will assess substance abuse and depression among parents at baseline and in year 2 and 3. These diagnostic data, along with annual interviews of parents and adolescents will cover a critical and wide range of topics related to participants' life events and transitions; such as school and work experience, drug and alcohol use/ abuse, criminal behavior, coping mechanisms (e.g., social support, self-esteem and mastery), and depressive symptomatology. These data and the information collected through the in-depth interviews conducted by our ethnographic team will provide specific information with which to assess adolescent transitions, especially substance use/ abuse and HIV risk behaviors and adaptation to their expected roles as they move from early to late adolescence.