Biodiversity impacts of different net zero carbon pathways for the UK energy system. (4480)

英国能源系统不同净零碳途径的生物多样性影响。

• 批准号: 2760615
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2760615
• 关键词: Biodiversity; impacts; different; net; zero

Many countries and companies have announced targets to reach net zero carbon at some point in the next few decades in a bid to mitigate the potentially devastating impact of climate change. The UK, for example, aims to achieve net zero by 2050. Whilst decarbonisation of the energy system is expected to play a key role in the UK's net zero strategy, the potential impact of this energy transformation on biodiversity (also in crisis) is poorly understood.Many low carbon energy technologies such as wind turbines and solar panels can have negative impacts on biodiversity over their entire life cycle from raw material production, through their use, to their end of life. For example, mining of metals used in a wide range of renewable energy and battery technologies such as rare earth, cobalt, lithium and copper are projected to grow significantly to meet the demand. Dedicated energy crops might need to be grown on a large scale to provide the feedstock for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), which is considered as one of the most viable negative emission technologies in many net zero carbon pathways. Both mining and growing bioenergy crops can cause significant biodiversity impact through direct land use change. The use phase for renewables such as wind turbines, solar panels and tidal power can also have negative ecological and hence biodiversity impacts, largely depending on the location of deployment.This PhD project will improve understanding of the scale of the biodiversity impacts of different net zero pathways for the UK energy system by: 1) quantifying potential stressors on biodiversity (e.g., land use change) induced by different energy technologies using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method; 2) identifying the likely locations of these stressors at different life cycle stages; and 3) assessing the spatially explicit global and national biodiversity footprint under different net zero pathways. The outputs from the project will inform policy makers to avoid problem shifting and better manage the synergies and trade-offs between climate and biodiversity goals.

许多国家和公司宣布在未来几十年的某个时刻达到零碳的目标，以减轻气候变化的潜在毁灭性影响。例如，英国的目标是到2050年达到零净。虽然能源系统的脱碳预计将在英国的净零策略中发挥关键作用，但这种能量转化对生物多样性（也在危险中）的潜在影响却是众所周知的。许多低碳能量技术（例如，诸如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池的材料）的生产能力既有生命的，又能够启动生命，但它们的生产能力是生命的，但要生存的生产能力，该材料的生命值得一提，而不是生命的范围。 生活。例如，在各种可再生能源和电池技术（例如稀土，钴，锂和铜）等多种可再生能源和电池技术中使用的金属的采矿预计将大大增长以满足需求。可能需要大规模种植专用的能源作物，以提供带有碳捕获和存储（BECC）的生物能源的原料，这被认为是许多零零碳途径中最可行的负发射技术之一。采矿和生物能源生物作物都会通过直接土地使用变化造成重大的生物多样性影响。可再生能源（例如风力涡轮机，太阳能电池板和潮汐力）的使用阶段也会产生负面的生态，因此产生了生物多样性的影响，很大程度上取决于部署的位置。该博士学位项目将通过以下不同的范围量化的uin nut net nut途径对生物多样性的影响来提高对生物多样性影响的生物多样性的规模，从而量化了电势型的范围。周期评估（LCA）方法； 2）在不同的生命周期阶段确定这些压力源的可能位置； 3）在不同的零净途径下评估空间上明确的全球和国家生物多样性足迹。该项目的产出将告知决策者，以避免问题转移，并更好地管理气候和生物多样性目标之间的协同作用和权衡。