Environmentally transmitted pathogens in wild red (Cervus elaphus) and roe (Capreolus capreolus) deer: the role of land use and bioclimate

野生红鹿（Cervus elaphus）和狍子（Capreolus capreolus）中环境传播的病原体：土地利用和生物气候的作用

• 批准号: 2773526
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Aberdeen
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2773526
• 关键词: Environmentally; transmitted; pathogens; wild; red

Wildlife play an important role in the epidemiology of some of the most important pathogens of livestock and humans, either as reservoirs or vectors of infection. The presence of wildlife hosts can complicate disease management as traditional control measures, such as vaccination, are challenging in wildlife species. Despite the abundance and widespread distribution of both red (Cervus elaphus) and roe (Capreolus capreolus) deer in the UK, and increasing awareness that deer may play a role in the epidemiology of numerous zoonotic and livestock pathogens, little is known about how these roles may differ between deer species, whose ecology can differ significantly, and to what extent land use and bioclimatic conditions drive infection risk in wild deer. Globally, two environmentally transmitted bacterial pathogens, Leptospira spp. and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), have been shown to infect livestock and wild deer species. Both pathogens are economically important, causing significant disease and productivity losses in livestock and Leptospira spp. are also one of the most common and widespread causes of zoonotic disease. Bioclimatic conditions that favour the survival of these pathogens in the environment, and/or land use changes that facilitate contact between wildlife and livestock are likely to play an important role in driving infection risk. To advance our understanding of the role of wildlife in the maintenance and transmission of these environmentally transmitted pathogens, this project aims to: i) quantify exposure and carriage in wild deer, ii) explore how the epidemiology of these pathogens differs between deer species, and iii) identify and quantify the effects of land use and bioclimatic conditions on infection probability.

野生动物在牲畜和人类的一些最重要病原体的流行病学中发挥着重要作用，无论是作为感染的宿主还是载体。野生动物宿主的存在可能使疾病管理复杂化，因为传统的控制措施，如疫苗接种，在野生动物物种中具有挑战性。尽管丰富和广泛分布的红色（马鹿）和roe（Capreolus capreolus）鹿在英国，越来越多的人认识到，鹿可能在许多人畜共患病和牲畜病原体的流行病学中发挥作用，很少有人知道这些角色可能不同的鹿种之间，其生态可以显着不同，以及在何种程度上土地利用和生物气候条件驱动野鹿的感染风险。在全球范围内，两种环境传播的细菌病原体，钩端螺旋体属。和鸟分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium avium subsp.）副结核杆菌（地图），已被证明感染牲畜和野生鹿种。这两种病原体在经济上都很重要，在牲畜和钩端螺旋体中引起重大疾病和生产力损失。也是人畜共患病最常见和最广泛的原因之一。有利于这些病原体在环境中生存的生物气候条件和/或有利于野生动物和牲畜接触的土地利用变化可能在推动感染风险方面发挥重要作用。为了促进我们对野生动物在这些环境传播的病原体的维持和传播中的作用的理解，该项目旨在：i）量化野鹿的暴露和携带，ii）探索这些病原体的流行病学在鹿种之间的差异，以及iii）识别和量化土地利用和生物气候条件对感染概率的影响。