Investigating the immune factors that determine commensal microbiota assembly

研究决定共生微生物群组装的免疫因素

• 批准号: 2776255
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2776255
• 关键词: Investigating; immune; factors; determine; commensal

The gastrointestinal tract is home to a complex community of commensal bacteria - known as the microbiota - which provide beneficial functions for human metabolic health and immune function. However, changes in the microbiota have been implicated in the development or progression of a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in humans, including inflammatory bowel disease and obesity, but also diseases of peripheral organs such as the brain, heart, airways and joints. Thus, an understanding of how this complex microbial community forms during the early stages, and the factors that regulate it of life to promote it's mutually beneficial functions is urgently required.The mammalian gut microbiota develops remarkably predictably with pioneer species colonizing the gut after birth, followed by an ordered succession of other microbes [1,2], but the forces that shape the predictable dynamics of microbiome assembly remain largely unknown. The environment and diet, the host immune system, and interactions between individual microbes all potentially shape the dynamics of the microbiota, but in such a complex ecosystem, identifying the specific role of any one factor is challenging [3]. Recently, we combined next-generation sequencing, mathematical modelling, and machine learning to disentangle the role of microbe-microbe interactions in shaping this assembly process [1]. This work enabled us to identify specific within- and between-kingdom interactions that are playing a central role in the predictability of microbiome assembly within preterm infants. However, our approaches did not look at the role the host might be playing in this process.

胃肠道是一个复杂的肠道细菌群落的家园-被称为微生物群-为人类代谢健康和免疫功能提供有益的功能。然而，微生物群的变化与人类各种炎症和自身免疫性疾病的发展或进展有关，包括炎症性肠病和肥胖症，以及外周器官如脑、心脏、气道和关节的疾病。因此，迫切需要了解这种复杂的微生物群落在早期阶段是如何形成的，以及调节生命的因素，以促进其互利功能。哺乳动物肠道微生物群的发展具有显著的可预测性，先锋物种在出生后定殖肠道，然后是其他微生物的有序继承[1，2]，但塑造微生物组组装的可预测动力学的力量在很大程度上仍然未知。环境和饮食，宿主免疫系统以及单个微生物之间的相互作用都可能影响微生物群的动态，但在这样一个复杂的生态系统中，确定任何一个因素的特定作用都是具有挑战性的[3]。最近，我们结合了下一代测序，数学建模和机器学习来解开微生物-微生物相互作用在塑造这种组装过程中的作用[1]。这项工作使我们能够确定特定的王国内和王国之间的相互作用，这些相互作用在早产儿体内微生物组组装的可预测性中发挥着核心作用。然而，我们的方法没有考虑到东道国在这一过程中可能发挥的作用。