Using an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate pollution impacts and antimicrobial resistant pathogen dynamics across terrestrial, estuarine and mar

利用跨学科方法阐明陆地、河口和海洋环境中的污染影响和耐药性病原体动态环境变化对病原体动态的影响和从集水区到海岸的AMR演变沿海环境特别容易受到影响生态系统服务和人类健康的化学和微生物污染的影响。抗菌素耐药性（AMR）细菌感染是一种新出现的社会威胁，全球每年约有500万例死亡与细菌对抗菌药物（通常称为抗生素）的耐药性有关。人们普遍认为环境在AMR的演变和传播中起着重要作用，但对河流集水区和接收沿海沃茨内耐药细菌的动态了解甚少。这是由于河流集水区的复杂性，多变的天气和气候依赖的污染源，以及在淡水，河口，海洋界面的颗粒和病原体的命运，在那里人类暴露在洗澡沃茨和养殖贝类的摄入发生。这个学生将调查病原体和AMR动态模型集水区和指定的沿海浴场水位于北德文郡生物圈。该流域的独特之处在于，它拥有丰富的传感器网络，利用西门子、西南水务和环境局的技术，可以获得水文和化学变量的接近真实的时间数据。这将提供前所未有的机会，以前所未有的分辨率了解流域和沿海病原体以及AMR动态。这名学生将与埃克塞特和班戈尔的一个科学团队合作，最近获得了1000万欧元的资助，用于研究沿海病原体和气候变化。将使用基于培养的方法、定量PCR和宏基因组方法来生成实地数据，这些数据将有助于了解与传播风险增加相关的流域尺度过程。在体外，实验方法将用于了解未来气候变化情景对AMR演变和病原体存活的影响，这也将为模型提供信息。这一跨学科项目将提供集水规模和沿海过程、分子微生物生态学、进化和建模要素方面的培训，由具有相关学科领域专门知识的多元化监督小组提供支持。学生还将与北德文郡生物圈项目和环境局的合作伙伴合作，提供跨学术，非政府组织和政府部门的工作经验。

Using an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate pollution impacts and antimicrobial resistant pathogen dynamics across terrestrial, estuarine and marine environmentsThe impact of environmental change on pathogen dynamics and AMR evolution from catchment to coastCoastal environments are particularly vulnerable to chemical and microbial pollution that impact ecosystem services and human health. Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacterial infections are an emerging societal threat, with approximately 5 million deaths per year globally associated with bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs commonly known as antibiotics. It is accepted that the environment plays an important role in the evolution and transmission of AMR, however the dynamics of drug resistant bacteria within river catchments and receiving coastal waters are poorly understood. This is due to the complexity of river catchments, variable weather and climate dependent pollution sources and the fate of particles and pathogens at the freshwater, estuarine, marine interface where human exposure in bathing waters and uptake by farmed shellfish occurs.This student will investigate pathogen and AMR dynamics in a model catchment and designated coastal bathing water situated within the North Devon Biosphere. This catchment is unique in that it has rich sensor networks utilising Siemens, South West Water and Environment Agency technologies, allowing close to real time data to be acquired on hydrological and chemical variables. This will allow unparalleled opportunities to understand catchment and coastal pathogen and AMR dynamics at a resolution not previously possible. The student will work with a scientific team at Exeter and Bangor recently awarded a 10M Euro grant to study coastal pathogens and climate change. Culture based methods, quantitative PCR and metagenomic approaches will be used to generate field data that will inform understanding of catchment scale process associated with increased transmission risk. In vitro, experimental approaches will be used to understand impacts of future climate change scenarios on AMR evolution and pathogen survival that will also inform models. This interdisciplinary project will provide training in catchment scale and coastal processes, molecular microbial ecology, evolution and elements of modelling supported by a diverse supervisory group with expertise across relevant subject areas. The student will also work with partners at the North Devon Biosphere project and the Environment Agency, giving experience of working across academic, NGO and government sectors.