The Social Integration of Veterans with Military-Induced Hearing Loss Post-1918

1918 年后因军事原因导致听力损失的退伍军人的社会融入

• 批准号: 2795935
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Manchester Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2795935
• 关键词: Social; Integration; Veterans; Military; Induced

Veterans have been the focus of increasing interest in both history and literary studies, yet so far studies have predominantly focused on physical disabilities and PTSD and have largely concentrated on America. Research has yet to be conducted on the experiences of veterans with military-induced hearing loss in Britain post-1918, despite the fact that at least 2.4% of the British army sustained hearing loss during WWI to a disabling level. However, the majority of cases went unreported due to the widespread attitude of British doctors viewing these soldiers as 'malingerers' (Conroy and Malik, 2018), and therefore the number may well be higher. This research will explore contemporary attitudes of medical professionals; reactions of the British public towards veterans with hearing loss; the representations of those veterans in the British media; and government policy towards those veterans, asking how these factors contributed to the negative and arduous experiences of WWI veterans with military-induced hearing loss. More broadly, it will improve contemporary understandings and representations of disabled veterans, provide a new insight into post-war ideas about disability, and make important contributions to veteran studies, war and conflict, disability, and the medical humanities.This research will address the following questions: How did government legislation affect veterans with hearing loss differently to those with visible disabilities?Was there a link between veterans with military-induced hearing loss and mental health illnesses?Did misconceptions of deafness prior to 1918 affect the perception of veterans with hearing loss? What was the role of the media in forming the British public's perception of disabled veterans? Was hearing loss a unique and unusual experience of post war disability, and if so, why?The research will consider how misconceptions of deafness led to undiagnosed and underreported cases of military-induced hearing loss, and how the media's portrayal of disabled people as socially flawed and abnormal (Barnes, 1992) reinforced the stigma of disabilities like hearing loss. Deaf activists have promoted the idea of a disabling community, arguing that it is society which isolates those with hearing loss, alienating them, and substantiating their disabled identity (Foster, 1989). My analysis will be informed by the scholarship of Davis (1995) and Ladd (2003) both of whom challenged the social and medical discourse on Deaf culture and promoted a bigger movement for disabled rights. This links to concepts of social justice, an area that is increasingly prevalent in the current literature. Mladenov (2016) argues for the importance of the perspective of disability in understanding and promoting social justice. This thesis will therefore discuss the medicalisation of deafness and its impact on the veterans integrating back into society.

退伍军人一直是历史和文学研究中越来越感兴趣的焦点，但到目前为止，研究主要集中在身体残疾和创伤后应激障碍上，而且主要集中在美国。尽管在第一次世界大战期间，至少有2.4%的英国军队的听力损失达到致残的程度，但对1918年后英国军队中因军事原因导致听力损失的退伍军人的经历进行了研究。然而，由于英国医生普遍认为这些士兵是“装病者”，大多数病例没有被报道（Conroy和Malik， 2018），因此实际数字可能更高。本研究将探讨当代医疗专业人员的态度；英国公众对失聪退伍军人的反应；这些老兵在英国媒体上的形象；以及政府对这些退伍军人的政策，询问这些因素是如何导致第一次世界大战中因军事原因导致听力损失的退伍军人的负面和艰难经历的。更广泛地说，它将改善当代对残疾退伍军人的理解和表达，为战后关于残疾的思想提供新的见解，并为退伍军人研究、战争与冲突、残疾和医学人文做出重要贡献。本研究将解决以下问题：政府立法对听力损失退伍军人的影响与对视觉残疾退伍军人的影响有何不同？退伍军人与军队引起的听力损失和精神健康疾病之间是否存在联系？1918年以前对耳聋的误解是否影响了失聪老兵的认知？媒体在形成英国公众对残疾退伍军人的看法中扮演了什么角色？听力丧失是战后残疾的一种独特而不寻常的经历吗？如果是，为什么？该研究将考虑对耳聋的误解是如何导致未确诊和低报的军事导致的听力损失病例，以及媒体如何将残疾人描述为社会缺陷和不正常（Barnes, 1992），加强了对听力损失等残疾的耻辱感。聋人活动人士提出了残疾人社区的概念，认为是社会孤立了听力损失的人，疏远了他们，并证实了他们的残疾人身份（福斯特，1989）。我的分析将借鉴Davis（1995）和Ladd（2003）的研究成果，这两位学者都对聋人文化的社会和医学论述提出了挑战，并推动了一场更大的残疾人权利运动。这与社会正义的概念有关，这是当前文献中日益流行的一个领域。Mladenov（2016）认为残疾视角在理解和促进社会正义方面的重要性。因此，本文将讨论耳聋的医学化及其对退伍军人重返社会的影响。