Predicting future cultural and natural heritage scenarios on common land. NERC RENEW PhD Studentship 2022/23Project Information:

英格兰高地系统的平民越来越多地被要求提供公共产品，即生态系统服务，如碳固存、水质调节、维护生物多样性和景观美学。公共土地包括我们最受欢迎和生态丰富的景观的大片，以及我们SSSI的20%，因此是关键的生态系统服务提供和生物多样性保护在英格兰。鉴于ELMs即将推出，佃农和共有土地的所有者面临着新的管理决策，影响自然和文化遗产和生计支持的土地。这个博士项目将调查的后果，个人和集体的农民决策的自然和文化遗产跨越大高地公地景观。博士学位将是跨学科的，对政策，社会资本，环境变化和数字技术如何激励农民决策以及这些决策如何影响共同高地支持的生态系统服务和生物多样性进行综合理解。我们将专注于湖区联合国教科文组织世界遗产，特别是巴特米尔瀑布和金尼赛德共同。我们的合作伙伴正在与这些地区的农民合作，以了解如何最好地激励遗产改善。我们将充分利用这些不断增长的知识，并将其反馈给农业社区和合作伙伴。与普通人共同开发可能的管理方案，调查新兴政策和创新技术对决策的影响根据管理决策和气候变化模拟德温特和金尼赛德的未来植被情景模拟关键生态系统服务（可能的碳固存）管理情景下的生物多样性后果模型（繁殖鸟类和稀有植物分布）。ELM设计方案对公共土地占用的模型影响，包括产权分配、SSSI指定和农场业务驱动因素的影响。探索预测如何被佃农和其他平民用来为土地所有者的管理决策提供信息。（即国家信托基金），以协调管理战略，并通知农场碳工具包的扩展到共同的土地。博士学位将由埃克塞特大学，国家信托基金（NT），公共土地基金会（FCL）/坎布里亚大学国家公园和保护区中心，最初由我们的高地公共项目支持。学生将主要在美国。埃克塞特的Penryn校区，但将花时间嵌入在坎布里亚大学的安布莱赛德校区的FCL团队。

Commoners on England's upland systems are increasingly being asked to deliver public goods, i.e. ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water quality regulation, maintaining biodiversity, and landscape aesthetics. Common land encompasses large tracts of our most well-loved and ecologically rich landscapes, as well as 20% of our SSSIs, and is therefore key to ecosystem service provision and biodiversity conservation within England. Given the imminent introduction of ELMs, tenant farmers and owners of common land are faced with new management decisions that affect the natural and cultural heritage and livelihoods supported by the land.This PhD project will investigate the consequences of individual and collective farmer decision-making for natural and cultural heritage across large upland commons landscapes. The PhD will be interdisciplinary, developing an integrated understanding of how policy, social capital, environmental change, and digital technology incentivise farmer decision-making, and how the decisions affect the ecosystem services and biodiversity supported by common upland. We will focus on the Lake District UNESCO World Heritage Site, particularly the Buttermere Fells and Kinniside Common. Our partners are working with farmers in these areas to understand how best to incentivise heritage improvement. We will both leverage this growing knowledge and feed back into the farming community and partners.Aims: Co-develop possible management scenarios with commoners, investigating the impact of emerging policy and innovative technology on decision-making Simulate future vegetation scenarios across Derwent and Kinniside based on management decisions and climate change Model a key ecosystem service (likely carbon sequestration) under management scenarios Model biodiversity consequences (breeding bird and rare plant distributions) of management scenarios. Model impacts of ELM design for scheme take up on common land, to cover effect of property rights distribution, SSSI designation and farm business drivers. Explore how the predictions can be used by tenant farmers and other commoners to inform management decisions, by landowners (i.e. the National Trust) to coordinate management strategically, and to inform the extension of the Farm Carbon Toolkit to common land.The PhD would be supervised jointly between the University of Exeter, the National Trust (NT), the Foundation for Common Land (FCL) / Centre for National Parks and Protected Areas at the University of Cumbria, and be initially supported by the Our Upland Commons project. The student would be based primarily at U. Exeter's Penryn campus, but would spend time embedded within the FCL team on the University of Cumbria's Ambleside campus.