Predicting future cultural and natural heritage scenarios on common land. NERC RENEW PhD Studentship 2022/23Project Information:

英国高地系统的平民越来越多地被要求提供公共产品，即生态系统服务，如碳封存、水质调节、维持生物多样性和景观美学。公共土地包含了我们最受欢迎和生态丰富的大片景观，以及我们20%的sssi，因此是英国生态系统服务提供和生物多样性保护的关键。鉴于elm即将引入，佃农和公共土地所有者面临着新的管理决策，这些决策会影响到土地所支撑的自然和文化遗产以及生计。这个博士项目将调查农民个人和集体决策对大型旱地公共景观的自然和文化遗产的影响。博士学位将是跨学科的，发展对政策、社会资本、环境变化和数字技术如何激励农民决策的综合理解，以及这些决策如何影响由共同高地支持的生态系统服务和生物多样性。我们将重点关注联合国教科文组织世界遗产湖区，特别是巴特米尔丘陵和金尼赛德公园。我们的合作伙伴正在与这些地区的农民合作，了解如何最好地激励遗产改善。我们将利用这些不断增长的知识，并将其反馈给农业社区和合作伙伴。目标：与普通民众共同开发可能的管理方案，调查新兴政策和创新技术对决策的影响。基于管理决策和气候变化，模拟Derwent和Kinniside未来的植被情景。模拟管理方案下关键的生态系统服务（可能的碳封存）。公共土地方案占用的ELM设计的模型影响，包括产权分配、SSSI指定和农场业务驱动因素的影响。探索佃农和其他平民如何利用这些预测来为管理决策提供信息，土地所有者（即国民信托）如何利用这些预测来战略性地协调管理，以及如何将农场碳工具包扩展到公共土地。博士学位将由埃克塞特大学、国家信托基金（NT）、公共土地基金会(FCL) /坎布里亚大学国家公园和保护区中心共同监督，并最初由我们的高地公共项目提供支持。该学生将主要在埃克塞特大学的彭林校区工作，但将在坎布里亚大学安布尔塞德校区的FCL团队中工作。

Commoners on England's upland systems are increasingly being asked to deliver public goods, i.e. ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water quality regulation, maintaining biodiversity, and landscape aesthetics. Common land encompasses large tracts of our most well-loved and ecologically rich landscapes, as well as 20% of our SSSIs, and is therefore key to ecosystem service provision and biodiversity conservation within England. Given the imminent introduction of ELMs, tenant farmers and owners of common land are faced with new management decisions that affect the natural and cultural heritage and livelihoods supported by the land.This PhD project will investigate the consequences of individual and collective farmer decision-making for natural and cultural heritage across large upland commons landscapes. The PhD will be interdisciplinary, developing an integrated understanding of how policy, social capital, environmental change, and digital technology incentivise farmer decision-making, and how the decisions affect the ecosystem services and biodiversity supported by common upland. We will focus on the Lake District UNESCO World Heritage Site, particularly the Buttermere Fells and Kinniside Common. Our partners are working with farmers in these areas to understand how best to incentivise heritage improvement. We will both leverage this growing knowledge and feed back into the farming community and partners.Aims: Co-develop possible management scenarios with commoners, investigating the impact of emerging policy and innovative technology on decision-making Simulate future vegetation scenarios across Derwent and Kinniside based on management decisions and climate change Model a key ecosystem service (likely carbon sequestration) under management scenarios Model biodiversity consequences (breeding bird and rare plant distributions) of management scenarios. Model impacts of ELM design for scheme take up on common land, to cover effect of property rights distribution, SSSI designation and farm business drivers. Explore how the predictions can be used by tenant farmers and other commoners to inform management decisions, by landowners (i.e. the National Trust) to coordinate management strategically, and to inform the extension of the Farm Carbon Toolkit to common land.The PhD would be supervised jointly between the University of Exeter, the National Trust (NT), the Foundation for Common Land (FCL) / Centre for National Parks and Protected Areas at the University of Cumbria, and be initially supported by the Our Upland Commons project. The student would be based primarily at U. Exeter's Penryn campus, but would spend time embedded within the FCL team on the University of Cumbria's Ambleside campus.