Active Travel, pollution exposure and effect on health-developing an onboard bicycle monitoring and assessment device.

多年来，城市空间的设计一直是为了让通勤者在尽可能短的时间内从A地到达B地，大部分行程都是由机动车辆完成的。城市地区的机动车辆和人口密度导致了这些空间中的高水平空气污染（Colvile等人，2001年）。骑自行车的人经常暴露在高水平的空气污染物中，因为他们与机动车辆共用空间或非常接近机动车辆。当锻炼时，个体的呼吸频率增加，这可能增加个体对污染物的暴露（Brand等人，2019年）。在苏格兰，苏格兰交通部致力于增加积极通勤（步行和骑自行车）的人数，据信这可能对解决城市空气污染问题产生积极影响，同时改善公共卫生（Luengo-Oroz & Reis，2019）。在考虑骑自行车者暴露于空气污染时，路线选择是一个重要的考虑因素（Hankey &马歇尔，2015），这种暴露可能会以呼吸和心血管问题的形式对健康产生不利影响。在这个项目中，我们将研究开发技术的方法，以积极准确地捕捉这一点，积极旅行者的路线选择和污染暴露对人类健康的影响。

Urban spaces have been designed for many years for the commuter to get from A to B in the shortest time possible, with the majority of journeys completed by motorised vehicles. Motorised vehicles and population density in urban areas contribute to the high levels of air pollution found in such spaces (Colvile et al., 2001). Cyclists are often exposed to high levels of air pollutants since they share spaces beside or very close to motorised vehicles. When exercising an individual's breathing rate increases and this could increase individual exposure to pollutants (Brand et al., 2019). In Scotland, Transport Scotland is committed to increasing the number of individuals actively commuting (walking and cycling) and it is believed that this could have a positive influence on tackling urban air pollution whilst improving public health (Luengo-Oroz & Reis, 2019). Route choice is an important factor to consider when considering a cyclist's exposure to air pollution (Hankey & Marshall, 2015), such exposure can have adverse health in the form of respiratory and cardiovascular problems. In this project, we will look at ways to develop technology to actively capture this accurately, the active traveller's route choice and the influence of pollution exposure on human health.