Flexible and Efficient Crossed-Grid System for General Radiography

适用于普通射线照相的灵活高效的交叉网格系统

• 批准号: 7211053
• 负责人: David M. Gauntt
• 金额: $ 57.4万
• 依托单位: X-RAY IMAGING INNOVATIONS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-23 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7211053
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; clinical biomedical equipment; digital imaging; image enhancement; radiation dosage; radiography; thoracic radiography; tomography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is known that conventional anti-scatter grids are limited in their ability to control scatter in general radiography. In recent years this problem has been aggravated by the use of less efficient (thin, high line density, low lead content) grids, and the increasing size of patients. As a result, radiographic image quality is often insufficient to answer questions concerning trauma and other clinical areas, and patients undergo additional higher dose, more expensive imaging exams. In many instances these additional exams could be eliminated and health care costs reduced if a better radiographic imaging system were available. We propose a coarse, high-ratio air interspace grid coupled to an orthogonally aligned low-ratio conventional grid. Together, these will effectively eliminate scatter and will have a primary transmission comparable to commonly used grids. A low-ratio grid is compatible with a range of source-to-image distances (SIDs). The coarse grid will have articulating grid slats, permitting variable SIDs and angled views. In order to build a compact and clinically acceptable system, the coarse grid can only move a short distance to blur out grid lines. It has been demonstrated that this can be accomplished by employing a quasi-trapezoidal x-ray tube current waveform. In Phase I we propose to demonstrate that an appropriate quasi-trapezoidal x-ray tube current waveform can be obtained in general radiography. In Phase II we propose to design and construct a compact and high efficiency crossed-grid system, interface it to an x-ray generator, and demonstrate that it can control scatter much more effectively than a conventional grid. The system will be able to accommodate general radiography, chest radiography, angled projections, tomography, and a range of SIDs. It can be used with either screen-film or digital image receptors, and will improve tomosynthesis and dual energy applications. RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH: General radiography (x-ray images) plays an important role in health care delivery. Scattered radiation degrades image quality; social and technical trends have aggravated this problem in recent years. We propose a scatter control system that greatly increases the image quality of x- ray images without increasing patient dose.

描述（由申请人提供）：已知传统的防散射栅格在一般放射线照相中控制散射的能力受到限制。近年来，由于使用效率较低（薄、高线密度、低铅含量）网格以及患者体型的增大，这一问题变得更加严重。因此，射线照相图像质量通常不足以回答有关创伤和其他临床领域的问题，并且患者需要接受额外的更高剂量、更昂贵的成像检查。在许多情况下，如果有更好的射线照相成像系统，则可以消除这些额外的检查并降低医疗保健成本。我们提出了一种粗略的高比率空气间隙网格，与正交排列的低比率传统网格耦合。总之，这些将有效地消除散射，并将具有与常用电网相当的主传输。低比率网格与一系列源到图像距离 (SID) 兼容。粗网格将具有铰接的网格板条，允许可变的 SID 和角度视图。为了构建紧凑且临床可接受的系统，粗网格只能移动很短的距离以模糊网格线。已经证明，这可以通过采用准梯形X射线管电流波形来实现。 在第一阶段，我们建议证明可以在普通放射线照相中获得适当的准梯形 X 射线管电流波形。在第二阶段，我们建议设计和构建一个紧凑且高效的交叉网格系统，将其与 X 射线发生器连接，并证明它可以比传统网格更有效地控制散射。该系统将能够适应一般放射线摄影、胸部放射线摄影、倾斜投影、断层摄影和一系列 SID。它可以与屏幕胶片或数字图像接收器一起使用，并将改进断层合成和双能应用。 与公众健康的相关性：普通放射线照相（X 射线图像）在医疗保健服务中发挥着重要作用。散射辐射会降低图像质量；近年来，社会和技术趋势加剧了这一问题。我们提出了一种散射控制系统，可以在不增加患者剂量的情况下大大提高 X 射线图像的图像质量。